Epworth Sleepiness Scale Calculator
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Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Calculator
Assess your general level of daytime sleepiness.
Total ESS Score:
Understanding the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a widely used self-administered questionnaire developed by Dr. Murray Johns. It is designed to measure the general level of daytime sleepiness in individuals. Unlike sleep diaries or objective measures like polysomnography, the ESS provides a subjective assessment of how likely a person is to doze off or fall asleep in various common situations that most people encounter during their daily lives.
How the ESS Works
The scale consists of eight questions, each describing a common situation where an individual might experience varying degrees of sleepiness. For each situation, the respondent rates their likelihood of dozing off on a scale from 0 to 3:
- 0 = Never
- 1 = Slight chance
- 2 = Moderate chance
- 3 = High chance
The situations are chosen to represent different levels of physical and mental engagement. For example, 'sitting and reading' is a relatively low-stimulation activity, while 'sitting and talking to someone' is usually more engaging. The questionnaire also includes scenarios like 'watching TV' or 'in a car, while stopped in traffic,' which can be particularly prone to sleepiness.
The Calculation: Scoring the ESS
Calculating the total Epworth Sleepiness Scale score is straightforward. Each question is assigned a score from 0 to 3 based on the respondent's answer. The total score is the sum of the scores for all eight questions.
Total ESS Score = (Score for Q1) + (Score for Q2) + … + (Score for Q8)
The minimum possible score is 0 (no sleepiness in any situation), and the maximum possible score is 24 (high chance of dozing in all situations).
Interpreting Your ESS Score
The total ESS score provides an indication of your general level of daytime sleepiness. While it's important to consult with a healthcare professional for a definitive diagnosis, the following general interpretation guidelines are commonly used:
- 0-5: Minimal Daytime Sleepiness – Generally not considered excessively sleepy.
- 6-10: Mild Daytime Sleepiness – May indicate some level of sleepiness.
- 11-15: Moderate Daytime Sleepiness – Likely experiencing significant daytime sleepiness that could affect daily functioning.
- 16-24: Severe Daytime Sleepiness – Indicates excessive daytime sleepiness, which warrants medical evaluation.
It's crucial to note that these ranges are general guidelines. A score in the mild or moderate range might be normal for some individuals, while for others, it could signal an underlying sleep disorder. Factors such as recent sleep deprivation, medications, and other medical conditions can also influence ESS scores.
Use Cases for the ESS
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a valuable tool for:
- Screening for excessive daytime sleepiness.
- Identifying potential sleep disorders such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy.
- Assessing the severity of sleepiness before and after treatment for sleep disorders.
- Research into the impact of sleepiness on various populations and behaviors.
- A quick self-assessment tool for individuals concerned about their sleepiness levels.
If you have concerns about your sleepiness, it is always recommended to discuss your ESS score and symptoms with a doctor or sleep specialist.
function calculateEpworthScore() {
var sittingReading = parseInt(document.getElementById("sittingReading").value) || 0;
var watchingTV = parseInt(document.getElementById("watchingTV").value) || 0;
var publicPlaceAlone = parseInt(document.getElementById("publicPlaceAlone").value) || 0;
var carPassenger = parseInt(document.getElementById("carPassenger").value) || 0;
var afternoonRest = parseInt(document.getElementById("afternoonRest").value) || 0;
var sittingTalking = parseInt(document.getElementById("sittingTalking").value) || 0;
var largeMeal = parseInt(document.getElementById("largeMeal").value) || 0;
var carTrafficStop = parseInt(document.getElementById("carTrafficStop").value) || 0;
var totalScore = sittingReading + watchingTV + publicPlaceAlone + carPassenger +
afternoonRest + sittingTalking + largeMeal + carTrafficStop;
var scoreValueElement = document.getElementById("scoreValue");
var resultElement = document.getElementById("result");
var interpretationElement = document.getElementById("interpretation");
var interpretationTextElement = document.getElementById("interpretationText");
scoreValueElement.textContent = totalScore;
resultElement.style.display = "block";
interpretationElement.style.display = "block";
var interpretationText = "";
if (totalScore <= 5) {
interpretationText = "Your score of
" + totalScore + " suggests minimal daytime sleepiness. This is generally considered normal.";
} else if (totalScore >= 6 && totalScore <= 10) {
interpretationText = "Your score of
" + totalScore + " indicates mild daytime sleepiness. You may be somewhat sleepy, and it's worth considering factors affecting your sleep.";
} else if (totalScore >= 11 && totalScore <= 15) {
interpretationText = "Your score of
" + totalScore + " suggests moderate daytime sleepiness. This level of sleepiness may be interfering with your daily activities and warrants discussion with a healthcare professional.";
} else if (totalScore >= 16 && totalScore <= 24) {
interpretationText = "Your score of
" + totalScore + " indicates severe daytime sleepiness. This is significantly high and strongly suggests an underlying sleep disorder. Please consult a doctor or sleep specialist immediately.";
} else {
interpretationText = "An unexpected score was calculated. Please review your selections.";
}
interpretationTextElement.innerHTML = interpretationText;
}