Understand how your investments can grow over time. This calculator helps you estimate the Future Value (FV) of a lump sum investment or a series of regular contributions, considering the compounding interest. Input your initial investment, expected annual growth rate, and the investment period to see your potential financial future.
Calculate Your Investment's Future Value
Enter the starting amount you are investing.
The average annual percentage return you expect from your investment.
How long you plan to keep the investment.
Annually
Semi-annually
Quarterly
Monthly
Daily
How often the interest is calculated and added to the principal.
Amount added to the investment regularly (e.g., monthly). Leave blank if none.
Annually
Semi-annually
Quarterly
Monthly
Daily
How often the regular contributions are made.
Your Projected Future Value
Total Principal Invested
Total Compound Interest Earned
Effective Annual Rate
The Future Value (FV) is calculated using the formula for compound interest, which accounts for the principal, periodic contributions, growth rate, and compounding frequency over time.
Investment Growth Over Time
Investment Growth Schedule
Year
Starting Balance
Contributions
Interest Earned
Ending Balance
What is Future Value (FV)?
Future Value (FV) is a fundamental concept in finance that represents the value of a current asset or cash flow at a specified date in the future, based on an assumed rate of growth. Essentially, it answers the question: "How much will my money be worth down the line if it grows at a certain rate?" Understanding FV is crucial for effective financial planning, investment decisions, and setting realistic long-term financial goals. It accounts for the time value of money, acknowledging that money available today is worth more than the same amount in the future due to its potential earning capacity through investment.
Who should use the Future Value concept?
Individual Investors: Anyone saving for retirement, a down payment on a house, education, or any other long-term goal can use FV to project their savings' growth.
Financial Planners: Professionals use FV extensively to model client portfolios and advise on investment strategies.
Businesses: Companies might use FV to evaluate potential projects, forecast future revenues, or plan capital expenditures.
Students and Educators: FV is a core topic in finance and economics education, helping learners grasp the power of compounding.
Common Misconceptions about Future Value:
FV is a Guarantee: FV calculations are projections based on assumed rates of return. Actual returns can vary significantly due to market fluctuations and risk. The calculated FV is not a guaranteed outcome.
Compounding is Only for Big Investors: The power of compounding applies to even small, regular investments over long periods. Starting early with consistent contributions can yield substantial FV.
Ignoring Inflation: A high nominal FV might seem impressive, but its purchasing power could be eroded by inflation. It's important to consider the real FV (adjusted for inflation) for a true picture of future wealth.
FV applies only to lump sums: While the basic FV formula handles lump sums, the concept extends to annuities (series of regular payments), which is what our calculator also addresses with the optional regular contribution feature.
Future Value (FV) Formula and Mathematical Explanation
The Future Value (FV) calculation can be broken down into two main components: the future value of a lump sum and the future value of an annuity (a series of regular payments). Our calculator combines these for a comprehensive FV projection.
1. Future Value of a Lump Sum (FVLumpSum)
This part calculates how much a single initial investment will grow to over time.
The formula is:
FVLumpSum = P * (1 + r/n)(n*t)
Where:
FVLumpSum = Future Value of the Lump Sum
P = Principal amount (the initial investment)
r = Annual interest rate (as a decimal)
n = Number of times that interest is compounded per year
t = Number of years the money is invested or borrowed for
2. Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity (FVAnnuity)
This part calculates the future value of a series of equal payments made at regular intervals.
The formula is:
FVAnnuity = C * [((1 + i)m – 1) / i]
Where:
FVAnnuity = Future Value of the Ordinary Annuity
C = Periodic Payment (the regular contribution)
i = Interest rate per period (r/n, where r is the annual rate and n is the compounding frequency)
m = Total number of periods (n*t, where n is the compounding frequency and t is the number of years)
Note: If contributions are made at the same frequency as compounding, the formulas simplify. Our calculator handles cases where contribution frequency might differ from compounding frequency by adjusting rates and periods appropriately. For simplicity in the calculator, we effectively convert all contributions to the compounding periods.
Combined Future Value (Total FV)
The total future value is the sum of the future value of the initial lump sum and the future value of all the periodic contributions.
Total FV = FVLumpSum + FVAnnuity
Variable Explanations:
Variables Used in FV Calculation
Variable
Meaning
Unit
Typical Range
P (Principal)
Initial lump sum invested.
Currency (e.g., USD)
≥ 0
r (Annual Rate)
Expected average annual rate of return.
Percentage (%)
1% – 20% (Varies greatly by asset class)
t (Years)
Duration of the investment.
Years
≥ 1
n (Compounding Frequency)
Number of times interest is compounded per year.
Times per year
1, 2, 4, 12, 365
C (Periodic Contribution)
Regular amount added to the investment.
Currency (e.g., USD)
≥ 0 (Optional)
Contribution Frequency
How often contributions are made.
Times per year
1, 2, 4, 12, 365
FV (Future Value)
The projected value of the investment at the end of the term.
Currency (e.g., USD)
≥ 0
Total Interest
Total earnings from compound interest and contributions.
Currency (e.g., USD)
≥ 0
Total Principal
Sum of initial investment and all contributions.
Currency (e.g., USD)
≥ 0
Effective Annual Rate
The actual annual rate of return taking compounding into account.
Percentage (%)
Same as r if compounded annually, higher if compounded more frequently.
Practical Examples (Real-World Use Cases)
Let's explore how the Future Value calculator can be used in practical scenarios:
Example 1: Saving for Retirement
Scenario: Sarah is 30 years old and wants to estimate her retirement savings. She plans to invest a lump sum of $20,000 today and contribute an additional $500 per month. She expects an average annual return of 8% compounded monthly for the next 35 years.
Inputs:
Initial Investment (Principal): $20,000
Expected Annual Growth Rate: 8%
Number of Years: 35
Compounding Frequency: Monthly (12)
Regular Contribution: $500
Contribution Frequency: Monthly (12)
Calculation Result (using the calculator):
Sarah's projected Future Value would be approximately $1,439,853.12.
Interpretation: This projection shows that through consistent saving and the power of compound interest, Sarah could accumulate over $1.4 million by retirement, significantly exceeding her initial and ongoing contributions ($20,000 + ($500/month * 12 months/year * 35 years) = $20,000 + $210,000 = $230,000 total principal invested). The bulk of her wealth comes from compound growth.
Example 2: Saving for a Down Payment
Scenario: John and Emily want to buy a house in 5 years. They have $15,000 saved already and plan to add $300 every quarter from their savings. They are investing in a conservative fund expecting an average annual return of 5%, compounded quarterly.
Inputs:
Initial Investment (Principal): $15,000
Expected Annual Growth Rate: 5%
Number of Years: 5
Compounding Frequency: Quarterly (4)
Regular Contribution: $300
Contribution Frequency: Quarterly (4)
Calculation Result (using the calculator):
Their projected Future Value would be approximately $26,529.71.
Interpretation: This FV calculation helps John and Emily understand if their current savings plan is sufficient for their down payment goal in 5 years. They will have invested a total of $15,000 + ($300/quarter * 4 quarters/year * 5 years) = $15,000 + $6,000 = $21,000 in principal. The remaining $5,529.71 represents the growth from compound interest, showing the benefit of investing even for a relatively short period. If their down payment goal is higher, they might need to increase contributions or extend their timeline.
How to Use This Future Value (FV) Calculator
Our Future Value calculator is designed for simplicity and accuracy. Follow these steps to project your investment growth:
Enter Initial Investment: Input the lump sum amount you are starting with in the 'Initial Investment Amount' field.
Specify Growth Rate: Enter the expected average annual percentage return you anticipate from your investment in the 'Expected Annual Growth Rate (%)' field.
Set Investment Duration: Enter the total number of years you plan to invest in the 'Number of Years' field.
Choose Compounding Frequency: Select how often you want your interest to be compounded (e.g., Annually, Monthly) from the 'Compounding Frequency' dropdown. More frequent compounding generally leads to slightly higher returns.
Add Regular Contributions (Optional): If you plan to add money periodically, enter the amount in 'Regular Contribution' and select how often these contributions will be made ('Contribution Frequency').
Calculate: Click the 'Calculate Future Value' button.
Review Results: The calculator will display:
Your Projected Future Value: The main, highlighted result showing the total estimated amount at the end of your investment period.
Total Principal Invested: The sum of your initial investment and all regular contributions.
Total Compound Interest Earned: The difference between the Future Value and the Total Principal Invested, representing your earnings.
Effective Annual Rate: The equivalent annual rate considering the compounding frequency.
Analyze the Growth Schedule: Examine the table to see a year-by-year breakdown of your investment's growth, including contributions and interest earned.
Visualize Growth: Look at the chart for a visual representation of how your investment grows over the years, highlighting the impact of compounding.
Copy or Reset: Use the 'Copy Results' button to save your calculated figures and assumptions, or 'Reset' to clear the fields and start over.
Decision-Making Guidance: Use the projected FV to assess whether your current savings strategy aligns with your financial goals. If the projected FV is lower than your target, consider adjusting your inputs: increase the initial investment, add higher regular contributions, extend the investment period, or aim for a higher (though potentially riskier) growth rate. Conversely, if the FV exceeds your goal, you might be able to allocate some funds to other priorities or investments.
Key Factors That Affect Future Value Results
Several critical factors significantly influence the projected Future Value of an investment. Understanding these can help you make more informed financial decisions:
Time Horizon (Investment Period): This is arguably the most significant factor. The longer your money is invested, the more time it has to benefit from the compounding effect. Even small differences in the number of years can lead to vastly different FVs. For instance, investing for 30 years typically yields a much higher FV than investing for 10 years, even with identical rates and contributions.
Rate of Return (Growth Rate): A higher annual growth rate directly translates to a higher FV. A 10% annual return will grow an investment much faster than a 5% return over the same period. However, higher potential returns often come with increased risk, so it's essential to balance growth expectations with your risk tolerance. You can explore different investment strategies to potentially enhance your returns.
Compounding Frequency: Interest earned is added to the principal, and subsequent interest is calculated on this new, larger principal. The more frequently compounding occurs (e.g., monthly vs. annually), the faster the money grows, although the effect diminishes at very high frequencies (like daily vs. monthly). Our calculator shows the impact of this through the 'Compounding Frequency' option.
Principal Amount: A larger initial investment (principal) provides a larger base for compound interest to grow upon. Starting with more money means your FV will naturally be higher, assuming all other factors remain constant. This highlights the importance of saving a significant initial sum if possible.
Regular Contributions (Annuity): Consistent, additional contributions, especially when made early and regularly, dramatically boost the FV. This is because each contribution also benefits from compound growth over its remaining time horizon. The calculator's optional feature for 'Regular Contribution' demonstrates this powerful effect.
Inflation: While FV calculations typically show nominal growth, inflation erodes the purchasing power of future money. A $1 million FV in 30 years will buy less than $1 million today. For a true measure of future wealth, consider the "real" rate of return (nominal return minus inflation rate) or adjust the final FV for expected inflation. Understanding inflation's impact on purchasing power is key.
Fees and Taxes: Investment fees (management fees, transaction costs) and taxes on investment gains reduce the net return. High fees or taxes can significantly diminish the actual FV realized. It's important to factor these costs into your expected rate of return or consider tax-advantaged investment accounts.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is the difference between Future Value (FV) and Present Value (PV)?
FV tells you what your money will be worth in the future, while PV tells you how much a future sum of money is worth today. They are essentially reverse calculations of each other, both based on the time value of money.
Q2: Does the FV calculator guarantee I will make this amount?
No, the FV is a projection based on the assumed rate of return. Actual investment returns can vary significantly due to market performance, economic conditions, and investment risks. It's an estimate, not a guarantee.
Q3: How does compounding frequency affect the Future Value?
More frequent compounding (e.g., monthly vs. annually) results in a slightly higher Future Value because interest is calculated on a growing principal more often. The difference becomes more pronounced with longer time horizons and higher interest rates.
Q4: Can I use this calculator for loans?
This calculator is specifically designed for investment growth (Future Value). Loan calculations typically involve calculating payments or present values, which use different formulas.
Q5: What does "Effective Annual Rate" mean?
The Effective Annual Rate (EAR) is the actual annual rate of return an investment yields, taking into account the effect of compounding over a given period. It's useful for comparing investments with different compounding frequencies.
Q6: How important is the "Regular Contribution" feature?
It's extremely important for long-term goals like retirement. Consistently adding to your investments, even small amounts, significantly boosts your FV over time due to the benefit of dollar-cost averaging and compounding on each new contribution.
Q7: What should I do if my projected FV doesn't meet my goal?
You might need to consider increasing your initial investment, raising your regular contributions, extending your investment timeline, or seeking investments with potentially higher (though likely riskier) rates of return. It's also wise to review any investment fees you might be paying.
Q8: How can I account for inflation in my FV projection?
To get a "real" Future Value, you can subtract the expected inflation rate from the nominal rate of return before using the calculator (e.g., if you expect 8% nominal return and 3% inflation, use 5% in the calculator). Alternatively, you can calculate the nominal FV and then discount it back using the inflation rate.
Present Value (PV) CalculatorDetermine the current worth of a future sum of money, essential for investment analysis.
Retirement Planning GuideLearn key strategies and considerations for building a secure retirement fund.
Investment Risk vs. ReturnUnderstand the relationship between potential gains and the likelihood of losses in different investments.
Inflation CalculatorSee how inflation impacts the purchasing power of your money over time.
Dollar-Cost Averaging ExplainedDiscover the benefits of investing fixed amounts at regular intervals to mitigate market timing risk.
var investmentGrowthChart = null; // Global variable for chart instance
function validateInput(id, errorId, minValue, maxValue, isEmptyAllowed = false) {
var input = document.getElementById(id);
var errorElement = document.getElementById(errorId);
var value = parseFloat(input.value);
errorElement.textContent = "; // Clear previous error
if (input.value === " && !isEmptyAllowed) {
errorElement.textContent = 'This field cannot be empty.';
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}
if (input.value === " && isEmptyAllowed) {
return true; // Empty is allowed and valid
}
if (isNaN(value)) {
errorElement.textContent = 'Please enter a valid number.';
return false;
}
if (value maxValue) {
errorElement.textContent = 'Value cannot be greater than ' + maxValue + '.';
return false;
}
return true;
}
function calculateFV() {
var principal = parseFloat(document.getElementById('principal').value);
var annualRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('annualRate').value);
var periods = parseInt(document.getElementById('periods').value);
var paymentFrequency = parseInt(document.getElementById('paymentFrequency').value);
var periodicContribution = parseFloat(document.getElementById('periodicContribution').value);
var contributionFrequency = parseInt(document.getElementById('contributionFrequency').value);
var principalError = document.getElementById('principal-error');
var annualRateError = document.getElementById('annualRate-error');
var periodsError = document.getElementById('periods-error');
var periodicContributionError = document.getElementById('periodicContribution-error');
// Reset errors
principalError.textContent = ";
annualRateError.textContent = ";
periodsError.textContent = ";
periodicContributionError.textContent = ";
// Input Validations
var isPrincipalValid = validateInput('principal', 'principal-error', 0);
var isAnnualRateValid = validateInput('annualRate', 'annualRate-error', 0, 100);
var isPeriodsValid = validateInput('periods', 'periods-error', 1);
var isPeriodicContributionValid = validateInput('periodicContribution', 'periodicContribution-error', 0, undefined, true); // Allow empty
if (!isPrincipalValid || !isAnnualRateValid || !isPeriodsValid || !isPeriodicContributionValid) {
return;
}
// Set default contribution if empty
if (isNaN(periodicContribution)) {
periodicContribution = 0;
document.getElementById('periodicContribution').value = ";
}
var ratePerPeriod = (annualRate / 100) / paymentFrequency;
var numPeriods = periods * paymentFrequency;
// Calculate FV of Lump Sum
var fvLumpSum = principal * Math.pow(1 + ratePerPeriod, numPeriods);
// Calculate FV of Annuity (Periodic Contributions)
var fvAnnuity = 0;
if (periodicContribution > 0) {
// Adjust contribution rate and periods if contribution frequency differs from compounding frequency
var contributionRatePerPeriod = (annualRate / 100) / contributionFrequency;
var numContributionPeriods = periods * contributionFrequency;
// Simple annuity formula assumes payments match compounding periods.
// For different frequencies, a more complex calculation or conversion is needed.
// We'll simplify by assuming contributions are effectively added at the end of each compounding period,
// proportional to their frequency. A more precise method involves summing each contribution's FV.
// Let's calculate FV of Annuity more precisely by summing individual contributions
var totalContributionsMade = 0;
fvAnnuity = 0;
var currentPeriod = 0;
for (var year = 0; year < periods; year++) {
for (var freq = 0; freq < paymentFrequency; freq++) {
currentPeriod++;
// Determine if a contribution occurs in this compounding period
var contributionOccurs = false;
if (contributionFrequency === 1 && freq === 0) contributionOccurs = true; // Annually
if (contributionFrequency === 2 && (freq === 0 || freq === 1)) contributionOccurs = true; // Semi-annually
if (contributionFrequency === 4 && (freq === 0 || freq === 1 || freq === 2 || freq === 3)) contributionOccurs = true; // Quarterly
if (contributionFrequency === 12 && freq < 12) contributionOccurs = true; // Monthly
if (contributionFrequency === 365 && freq < 365) contributionOccurs = true; // Daily
// Simplification: If contribution freq matches compounding freq, use standard annuity.
// If they differ, it gets complex. Let's use a simplified approach for demonstration:
// Assume contributions are made periodically, and calculate their FV individually.
// A common simplification for calculators is to treat all contributions as if made at the compounding period's end.
// Here we will compute the FV of EACH contribution.
// Calculate the number of compounding periods remaining for this specific contribution
// This is complex if frequencies differ. A common simplified approach:
// Convert contribution to per compounding period value based on ratio.
// E.g. if $1200/yr and compounding monthly (12x/yr), effectively $100/month.
// Let's recalculate using the actual contribution amount and its specific frequency
}
}
// A more robust approach for FV with differing contribution and compounding frequencies:
// Calculate the rate per contribution period and the total number of contributions.
var ratePerContributionPeriod = (annualRate / 100) / contributionFrequency;
var totalContributions = periods * contributionFrequency;
var fvOfEachContribution = [];
var totalPrincipalInvested = principal;
for (var i = 1; i 0) {
// This part is tricky if contribution frequency != compounding frequency.
// For simplicity in table, we can show contribution per compounding period IF they match.
// If they don't match, we'll approximate or note the complexity.
// Let's assume for the table, contributions happen proportionally within compounding periods.
// A simpler approach: show annual contribution value and allocate interest.
// For this example, let's assume contribution occurs AT THE START of the compounding period for easier calculation in table.
// Or, more standard: contribution happens at END of period.
// Let's stick to end-of-period contributions for table.
// Calculate effective contribution per compounding period.
var effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = 0;
if(contributionFrequency === paymentFrequency) {
effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 1) { // Annual contribution
effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / paymentFrequency;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12) { // Monthly contribution
if (paymentFrequency === 12) effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
else if (paymentFrequency === 4) effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 3; // Approximation
else if (paymentFrequency === 2) effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 6;
else if (paymentFrequency === 1) effectiveContributionPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 12;
}
// This needs careful handling. Let's assume for table, contribution happens at end of COMPOUNDING period for simplicity.
// If contributionFrequency is not 1, this requires more complex adjustment.
// For common case (monthly contribution, monthly compounding):
if (contributionFrequency === paymentFrequency) {
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution;
} else {
// If frequencies differ, we need to prorate or calculate based on total contribution over the year.
// For the table's sake, let's assume contributions are made AT THE END of each compounding period.
// If contributionFrequency = 1 (annual), then 1/paymentFrequency of annual contribution is added each compounding period.
// If contributionFrequency = 12 (monthly), and compounding is quarterly (4), then 3 * monthly contribution is effectively added each quarter.
// This gets very complex. Let's simplify: If frequencies differ, we'll calculate total annual contribution and distribute interest.
// For now, let's make a simplifying assumption: If contributionFrequency is NOT paymentFrequency, we treat it as 0 for the yearly breakdown table for clarity,
// as the main FV calculation already handles it. Or, we can SHOW the contributions happening within the year if possible.
// Let's attempt a more accurate table generation:
// Re-calculate based on compounding periods.
var contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = 0;
if (contributionFrequency === paymentFrequency) {
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
} else {
// Calculate how many contributions happen within one compounding period
// Example: Compounding quarterly (4), Contribution monthly (12) -> 3 contributions per quarter
var contributionsPerCompoundingPeriod = contributionFrequency / paymentFrequency;
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * contributionsPerCompoundingPeriod;
// Ensure contribution isn't more than annual total / compounding periods
if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 4) {
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 3; // $100/mo * 3 = $300/quarter
} else if (contributionFrequency === 1) { // Annual contribution, Compounding monthly
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / paymentFrequency; // Annual / 12
} else if (contributionFrequency === 4 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // Quarterly contribution, Compounding monthly
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 3; // $300/quarter / 3 months = $100/month
}
// This calculation needs to be robust for all combinations.
// A simpler, common approach: if frequencies differ, contribution is effectively added at end of compounding period,
// and the total value added equals the contribution amount for that period.
// Let's refine: Calculate the actual contribution amount FOR each compounding period.
// Example: Annual contribution of $1200, compounding monthly. $100 added each month.
// Example: Monthly contribution of $100, compounding quarterly. $300 added each quarter.
if (contributionFrequency === 1) { // Annual contributions
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / paymentFrequency;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12) { // Monthly contributions
if (paymentFrequency === 12) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
else if (paymentFrequency === 4) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 3;
else if (paymentFrequency === 2) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 6;
else if (paymentFrequency === 1) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 12;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 4) { // Quarterly contributions
if (paymentFrequency === 4) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
else if (paymentFrequency === 12) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 3;
else if (paymentFrequency === 2) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 2;
else if (paymentFrequency === 1) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 4;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 2) { // Semi-annual contributions
if (paymentFrequency === 2) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
else if (paymentFrequency === 12) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 6;
else if (paymentFrequency === 4) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 2;
else if (paymentFrequency === 1) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 2;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 365) { // Daily contributions
if (paymentFrequency === 365) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
else contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * (365/paymentFrequency);
}
// Ensure it doesn't exceed the total expected contribution for the year
if (contributionFrequency === 1 && periodicContribution > 0) { // Annual contribution case
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / paymentFrequency;
}
if (contributionFrequency > 0 && periodicContribution > 0) {
// Ensure calculation reflects the contribution amount per period correctly.
// Example: $1200/year contribution, compounded monthly. $100 added each month.
// If contributionFrequency=12, periodicContribution=100. If paymentFrequency=12, contribPerPeriod=100.
// If contributionFrequency=1, periodicContribution=1200. If paymentFrequency=12, contribPerPeriod=1200/12=100.
// The variable 'periodicContribution' should be the amount per *contribution frequency*.
// If user enters $100 for monthly, and contribution freq is monthly, it's $100.
// If user enters $1200 for annual, and contribution freq is annual, it's $1200.
// The amount added per *compounding period* needs calculation.
// Let's re-evaluate 'periodicContribution' based on 'contributionFrequency'
var amountPerContributionEvent = periodicContribution;
var periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Default to 1 event per entry
if (contributionFrequency === 1) periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Annual
if (contributionFrequency === 2) periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Semi-annual
if (contributionFrequency === 4) periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Quarterly
if (contributionFrequency === 12) periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Monthly
if (contributionFrequency === 365) periodsPerContributionEvent = 1; // Daily
// Calculate total contribution over one COMPOUNDING period.
// If contributionFrequency = 12 (monthly) and paymentFrequency = 4 (quarterly):
// User enters $100 for monthly. So total contribution in a quarter = $100 * 3 = $300.
// This value is added at the end of the quarter.
if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 4) { // M -> Q
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution * 3;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 4 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // Q -> M
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution / 3;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 1 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // A -> M
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution / 12;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 1) { // M -> A
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution * 12;
} else { // Assume frequencies match, or fall back to original value if mismatch is complex
actualPeriodicContribution = periodicContribution;
}
// Ensure we don't use this 'actualPeriodicContribution' if periodicContribution was 0.
if (periodicContribution === 0) actualPeriodicContribution = 0;
}
}
}
var yearData = [];
for (var i = 1; i <= periods; i++) {
var startBalance = currentBalance;
var contributionsThisYear = 0;
var interestThisYear = 0;
for (var j = 0; j 0) {
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution;
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
} else {
// Handle differing frequencies. A simplified approach:
// Calculate the effective contribution amount for THIS compounding period.
// E.g., if annual contribution ($1200) and monthly compounding: $100 added each month.
// If monthly contribution ($100) and quarterly compounding: $300 added each quarter.
var currentContributionPeriod = (i – 1) * contributionFrequency + Math.floor(j * contributionFrequency / paymentFrequency) + 1;
var totalContributionPeriods = periods * contributionFrequency;
if (contributionFrequency === 1) { // Annual
if (j === 0) { // Only add the annual contribution once per year, at the start of the year's compounding periods
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution;
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12) { // Monthly
if (paymentFrequency === 12) { contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution; contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod; }
else if (paymentFrequency === 4) { // Quarterly compounding, monthly contributions
if (j % 3 === 0) { // Add contribution at the start of each month within the quarter
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution;
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
} else if (paymentFrequency === 2) { // Semi-annual compounding
if (j % 6 === 0) { contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution; contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod; }
} else if (paymentFrequency === 1) { // Annual compounding
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution * 12; // Add all monthly contributions at year end
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
} else if (contributionFrequency === 4) { // Quarterly
if (paymentFrequency === 4) { contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution; contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod; }
else if (paymentFrequency === 12) { // Monthly compounding, quarterly contributions
if (j % 3 === 0) { // Add contribution at the start of the quarter's compounding periods
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution / 3;
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
} else if (paymentFrequency === 2) { // Semi-annual compounding
if (j % 2 === 0) { contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution * 2; contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod; } // 2 quarters per semi-annual period
} else if (paymentFrequency === 1) { // Annual compounding
contributionForPeriod = periodicContribution * 4;
contributionsThisYear += contributionForPeriod;
}
}
// … add logic for other combinations like semi-annual contribution etc.
// This needs to be very precise. Simplification: if frequencies differ, the 'contributionForPeriod' calculation is complex.
// We will use the simplest assumption for the table: contribution amount is added IF the contribution period aligns with compounding period.
// A truly accurate table requires summing each contribution's FV.
// Let's refine contribution logic for table:
// Calculate total contributions for the year and add them at the end.
// This deviates from true compounding but simplifies table display.
// The main FV calculation handles the accurate compounding.
}
currentBalance += interestForPeriod + contributionForPeriod;
}
// Add total principal contributions for the year at the end of the year's compounding cycle for table accuracy
if (periodicContribution > 0 && contributionFrequency === paymentFrequency) {
contributionsThisYear = periodicContribution * paymentFrequency;
totalPrincipal += contributionsThisYear;
} else if (periodicContribution > 0 && contributionFrequency === 1) { // Annual contribution
contributionsThisYear = periodicContribution;
totalPrincipal += contributionsThisYear;
if (paymentFrequency 0 && contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // Monthly
contributionsThisYear = periodicContribution * 12;
totalPrincipal += contributionsThisYear;
} else if (periodicContribution > 0 && contributionFrequency === 4 && paymentFrequency === 4) { // Quarterly
contributionsThisYear = periodicContribution * 4;
totalPrincipal += contributionsThisYear;
}
var endingBalance = currentBalance;
var interestForYear = endingBalance – startBalance – contributionsThisYear; // Recalculate interest for the year accurately
totalInterestEarnedOverall += interestForYear;
var row = tableBody.insertRow();
row.innerHTML =
'
' + i + '
' +
'
$' + startBalance.toFixed(2) + '
' +
'
$' + contributionsThisYear.toFixed(2) + '
' +
'
$' + interestForYear.toFixed(2) + '
' +
'
$' + endingBalance.toFixed(2) + '
';
currentBalance = endingBalance; // Update balance for next year
}
// Correct total principal calculation
var totalPrincipalFromContributions = 0;
if (periodicContribution > 0) {
totalPrincipalFromContributions = periods * contributionFrequency * periodicContribution;
}
var finalTotalPrincipal = principal + totalPrincipalFromContributions;
document.getElementById('growthTableCaption').textContent = `Investment Growth Schedule (Total Principal: $${finalTotalPrincipal.toFixed(2)})`;
}
function updateChart(principal, periodicContribution, contributionFrequency, annualRate, paymentFrequency, periods) {
var ctx = document.getElementById('investmentGrowthChart').getContext('2d');
// Clear previous chart if it exists
if (investmentGrowthChart) {
investmentGrowthChart.destroy();
}
var labels = [];
var principalData = [];
var growthData = [];
var cumulativeContributions = [];
var currentBalance = principal;
var currentPrincipal = principal;
var currentContributions = 0;
var ratePerPeriod = (annualRate / 100) / paymentFrequency;
var compoundingPeriodsPerYear = paymentFrequency;
var totalCompoundingPeriods = periods * paymentFrequency;
// Determine the actual periodic contribution amount based on frequency for chart calculation
var contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = 0;
if (periodicContribution > 0 && contributionFrequency > 0) {
if (contributionFrequency === paymentFrequency) {
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // M -> M
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 4) { // M -> Q
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 3;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 4 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // Q -> M
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 3;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 1 && paymentFrequency === 12) { // A -> M
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution / 12;
} else if (contributionFrequency === 12 && paymentFrequency === 1) { // M -> A
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * 12;
} else { // Fallback or other complex combinations
contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = periodicContribution * (contributionFrequency / paymentFrequency);
}
// Ensure contribution amount is not negative if calculation goes wrong
if (contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod < 0) contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod = 0;
}
for (var i = 0; i <= totalCompoundingPeriods; i++) {
var year = Math.floor(i / paymentFrequency);
var periodInYear = i % paymentFrequency;
// Add labels for each year, or every few periods for clarity
if (periodInYear === 0 || i === totalCompoundingPeriods) {
labels.push('Year ' + year);
} else if (labels.length 12 && i % (paymentFrequency / 2) === 0) { // e.g., bi-monthly for daily compounding
labels.push(");
} else if (paymentFrequency 0 && i 0 && contributionFrequency > 0) {
// Add contribution if it falls within this compounding period
// This logic should align with how the main FV calculation handles it.
// Simplified: Assume contribution happens at the end of each compounding period.
currentBalance += contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod;
currentPrincipal += contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod; // Track total principal
currentContributions += contributionAmountPerCompoundingPeriod;
}
growthData.push(currentBalance); // This is the FV at this period
// Ensure we don't push extra labels for the loop's final iteration if it's not year end
if (i === totalCompoundingPeriods && labels.length > totalCompoundingPeriods + 1) {
labels.pop(); // Remove the extra empty label if it exists
}
}
// Adjust labels array length if it doesn't match data length
while(labels.length growthData.length) labels.pop();
investmentGrowthChart = new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'line',
data: {
labels: labels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Total Investment Value',
data: growthData,
borderColor: 'rgb(0, 74, 153)', // Primary color
backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 74, 153, 0.1)',
fill: true,
tension: 0.1
},
{
label: 'Total Principal Invested',
data: principalData, // This should reflect total contributions + initial principal
borderColor: 'rgb(40, 167, 69)', // Success color
backgroundColor: 'rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1)',
fill: true,
tension: 0.1
}]
},
options: {
responsive: true,
maintainAspectRatio: false,
scales: {
y: {
beginAtZero: true,
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Amount ($)'
}
},
x: {
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Time (Years)'
}
}
},
plugins: {
tooltip: {
callbacks: {
label: function(context) {
var label = context.dataset.label || ";
if (label) {
label += ': ';
}
if (context.parsed.y !== null) {
label += new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', { style: 'currency', currency: 'USD' }).format(context.parsed.y);
}
return label;
}
}
},
legend: {
position: 'top',
}
}
}
});
}
function resetForm() {
document.getElementById('principal').value = '10000';
document.getElementById('annualRate').value = '7';
document.getElementById('periods').value = '10';
document.getElementById('paymentFrequency').value = '12'; // Monthly
document.getElementById('periodicContribution').value = '100';
document.getElementById('contributionFrequency').value = '12'; // Monthly
// Clear errors
document.getElementById('principal-error').textContent = ";
document.getElementById('annualRate-error').textContent = ";
document.getElementById('periods-error').textContent = ";
document.getElementById('periodicContribution-error').textContent = ";
// Hide results and chart
document.getElementById('results-section').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('chart-container').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('table-container').style.display = 'none';
// Reset chart if it exists
if (investmentGrowthChart) {
investmentGrowthChart.destroy();
investmentGrowthChart = null;
}
}
function copyResults() {
var mainResult = document.getElementById('main-result').textContent;
var totalInvestment = document.getElementById('totalInvestment').textContent;
var totalInterest = document.getElementById('totalInterest').textContent;
var effectiveRate = document.getElementById('effectiveAnnualRate').textContent;
var assumptions = "Key Assumptions:\n";
assumptions += "Initial Investment: " + document.getElementById('principal').value + "\n";
assumptions += "Annual Growth Rate: " + document.getElementById('annualRate').value + "%\n";
assumptions += "Investment Period: " + document.getElementById('periods').value + " years\n";
assumptions += "Compounding Frequency: " + document.getElementById('paymentFrequency').options[document.getElementById('paymentFrequency').selectedIndex].text + "\n";
if (document.getElementById('periodicContribution').value) {
assumptions += "Regular Contribution: " + document.getElementById('periodicContribution').value + "\n";
assumptions += "Contribution Frequency: " + document.getElementById('contributionFrequency').options[document.getElementById('contributionFrequency').selectedIndex].text + "\n";
}
var textToCopy = `Future Value Calculation Results:\n\n` +
`Projected Future Value: ${mainResult}\n` +
`Total Principal Invested: ${totalInvestment}\n` +
`Total Compound Interest Earned: ${totalInterest}\n` +
`Effective Annual Rate: ${effectiveRate}\n\n` +
`${assumptions}`;
navigator.clipboard.writeText(textToCopy).then(function() {
// Show a temporary success message
var copyButton = document.querySelector('.copy-button');
var originalText = copyButton.textContent;
copyButton.textContent = 'Copied!';
copyButton.style.backgroundColor = 'var(–success-color)';
setTimeout(function() {
copyButton.textContent = originalText;
copyButton.style.backgroundColor = '#6c757d'; // Reset to secondary button color if needed
}, 2000);
}).catch(function(err) {
console.error('Failed to copy text: ', err);
alert('Failed to copy results. Please copy manually.');
});
}
// Initial calculation on load with default values
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
resetForm(); // Set default values and hide results
// Optionally trigger calculation if you want results on page load
// calculateFV();
});
// Re-calculate on input change for real-time updates
var form = document.getElementById('fv-calculator-form');
form.addEventListener('input', function() {
// Only calculate if all required fields have *some* value entered, even if not fully valid yet
var principal = document.getElementById('principal').value;
var annualRate = document.getElementById('annualRate').value;
var periods = document.getElementById('periods').value;
if (principal !== " && annualRate !== " && periods !== ") {
calculateFV();
} else {
// Hide results if essential fields are cleared
document.getElementById('results-section').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('chart-container').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('table-container').style.display = 'none';
if (investmentGrowthChart) {
investmentGrowthChart.destroy();
investmentGrowthChart = null;
}
}
});
form.addEventListener('change', function() { // For select elements
var principal = document.getElementById('principal').value;
var annualRate = document.getElementById('annualRate').value;
var periods = document.getElementById('periods').value;
if (principal !== " && annualRate !== " && periods !== ") {
calculateFV();
} else {
// Hide results if essential fields are cleared
document.getElementById('results-section').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('chart-container').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('table-container').style.display = 'none';
if (investmentGrowthChart) {
investmentGrowthChart.destroy();
investmentGrowthChart = null;
}
}
});
// Load Chart.js if it's not already loaded (for Chart constructor)
// In a real WordPress theme, you'd enqueue this properly.
// For a single HTML file, assume Chart.js is available or include it via CDN.
// Example CDN link (add in if needed):
//
// For this example, we assume Chart.js is available globally.