Accurately estimate the total weight of your mast for any application.
Mast Weight Calculator
Aluminum
Carbon Fiber
Steel
Wood
Select the primary material of your mast.
Enter the total length of the mast (e.g., in meters or feet).
Enter the average diameter or the characteristic dimension of the mast's cross-section (e.g., in meters or feet).
Enter the thickness of the mast's wall (e.g., in meters or feet).
Round
Square
Rectangular
Tapered (Approximation)
Select the shape of the mast's cross-section.
Enter the ratio of the top diameter/dimension to the bottom diameter/dimension. Use 1 for a uniform mast.
Key Calculations:
Cross-Sectional Area:
Approximate Volume:
Material Density:
Formula Used:
The mast weight is calculated by estimating its volume and multiplying it by the density of the material.
For uniform cross-sections, Volume = Area × Length. For tapered masts, an average cross-sectional area is used.
Weight = Volume × Density.
Weight Distribution by Material
This chart shows the estimated weight for different material choices at the same dimensions.
Estimated Weights for Varying Dimensions
Mast Weight Estimates
Length (m)
Diameter (m)
Material
Estimated Weight (kg)
What is Mast Weight Calculation?
The mast weight calculator is a specialized tool designed to estimate the total mass of a mast structure. Masts are vertical spars used in various applications, most notably in sailing vessels to support sails, but also in telecommunications, flagpoles, and certain architectural designs. Understanding the mast weight is crucial for several reasons, including structural integrity, rigging design, stability calculations, ease of handling, transportation logistics, and cost estimation. A precise calculation prevents over-engineering, ensuring the mast is strong enough for its intended purpose without being excessively heavy, which can lead to performance issues or increased installation challenges.
This calculator is beneficial for:
Sailing enthusiasts determining rigging loads and performance impact.
Engineers and designers specifying materials for marine, broadcast, or architectural applications.
Riggers planning installation and maintenance procedures.
Logistics managers calculating shipping and handling requirements.
Boat builders and manufacturers for accurate project costing.
A common misconception is that mast weight is solely determined by length. While length is a significant factor, the material's density, the cross-sectional shape, the diameter, and the wall thickness all play equally vital roles. For instance, a carbon fiber mast might be significantly lighter than a steel mast of the same dimensions due to carbon fiber's superior strength-to-weight ratio. Another misunderstanding is treating all masts as simple cylinders; many modern masts have complex, optimized profiles or tapers that affect their overall volume and thus their weight. This mast weight calculator aims to account for these variables for a more accurate estimate.
Mast Weight Calculation Formula and Mathematical Explanation
The fundamental principle behind the mast weight calculator is the relationship between volume, density, and mass (weight). The core formula is:
Weight = Volume × Density
The complexity lies in accurately determining the mast's volume based on its geometric properties.
Step-by-Step Derivation:
Calculate the Cross-Sectional Area (A): This depends on the mast's shape.
Round Mast: $A = \pi \times (Diameter/2)^2$
Square Mast: $A = Side^2$
Rectangular Mast: $A = Width \times Height$
Tapered Mast: An average area is approximated. If the taper ratio is $TR$ (top dimension / bottom dimension), the average area is approximately $A_{avg} = A_{bottom} \times (1 + TR) / 2$. (Note: This is a simplification; complex tapers require integration).
Calculate the Approximate Volume (V): For masts with a uniform cross-section, Volume = Cross-Sectional Area × Length. For tapered masts, we use the average cross-sectional area: $V \approx A_{avg} \times Length$.
Determine Material Density ($\rho$): This is a physical property of the material used. Values vary significantly.
Calculate the Total Weight (W): Multiply the calculated volume by the material density: $W = V \times \rho$.
Variable Explanations:
The calculator uses the following variables:
Mast Material: The substance the mast is made from (e.g., Aluminum, Carbon Fiber).
Mast Length (L): The total vertical extent of the mast.
Mast Diameter/Cross-Section (D or S/W/H): The primary dimension defining the mast's width or side length.
Mast Wall Thickness (T): The thickness of the material forming the mast's shell. This is critical for calculating the *internal* volume and thus the material volume.
Mast Cross-Section Shape: The geometric form of the mast's profile (Round, Square, Rectangular, Tapered).
Taper Ratio (TR): Used for tapered masts, representing the ratio of the top dimension to the bottom dimension.
Variables Table:
Mast Weight Calculator Variables
Variable
Meaning
Unit
Typical Range
Mast Material
Material composition of the mast.
N/A
Aluminum, Carbon Fiber, Steel, Wood
Mast Length (L)
Total height of the mast.
Meters (m) / Feet (ft)
1 – 50+ m / 3 – 150+ ft
Mast Diameter/Cross-Section (D/S/W/H)
Outer dimension of the mast's profile.
Meters (m) / Feet (ft)
0.05 – 2+ m / 0.15 – 6+ ft
Mast Wall Thickness (T)
Thickness of the mast's wall.
Meters (m) / Feet (ft)
0.001 – 0.1 m / 0.003 – 0.3 ft
Mast Cross-Section Shape
Geometric profile of the mast.
N/A
Round, Square, Rectangular, Tapered
Taper Ratio (TR)
Ratio of top to bottom dimension for tapered masts.
*Note: Units are interchangeable, but consistency is key. The calculator assumes consistent units for input and provides output in kilograms.*
Practical Examples (Real-World Use Cases)
Understanding the mast weight calculator in practice can illuminate its importance. Here are a few scenarios:
Example 1: Sailing Yacht Mast Replacement
A sailor is replacing the aluminum mast on their 35-foot sailboat. The old mast was 15 meters long, with an average diameter of 0.2 meters and a wall thickness of 0.005 meters. They are considering a new mast made of carbon fiber, which is lighter and stronger.
Inputs:
Mast Material: Aluminum (Density ~2700 kg/m³)
Mast Length: 15 m
Mast Diameter: 0.2 m
Wall Thickness: 0.005 m
Mast Shape: Round
Calculation Steps (Simplified for explanation):
Outer Area (Round): $\pi \times (0.2/2)^2 \approx 0.0314 \, m^2$
Result Interpretation: Switching from an aluminum mast to a carbon fiber mast of identical dimensions could save approximately 45 kg. This significant weight reduction aloft improves stability, reduces pitching motion, and enhances sailing performance. The mast weight calculator helps quantify this benefit upfront.
Example 2: Radio Antenna Mast Design
An engineer is designing a support mast for a medium-sized radio antenna. The mast needs to be 10 meters tall and have a square cross-section. They are considering using steel for its robustness. The proposed dimensions are 0.15m x 0.15m with a wall thickness of 0.004 meters.
Inputs:
Mast Material: Steel (Density ~7850 kg/m³)
Mast Length: 10 m
Mast Cross-Section: Square
Mast Side Length: 0.15 m
Wall Thickness: 0.004 m
Calculation Steps:
Outer Area (Square): $0.15 \, m \times 0.15 \, m = 0.0225 \, m^2$
Result Interpretation: The steel mast is estimated to weigh around 184 kg. This value is critical for determining the foundation requirements, the type of base support needed, and the crane capacity required for installation. Using the mast weight calculator ensures that these structural and logistical considerations are based on accurate mass estimations, contributing to the safety and feasibility of the project. This helps in selecting appropriate structural steel supports.
How to Use This Mast Weight Calculator
Our mast weight calculator is designed for simplicity and accuracy. Follow these steps to get your mast weight estimate:
Select Mast Material: Choose the primary material your mast is constructed from (Aluminum, Carbon Fiber, Steel, Wood) from the dropdown menu. This selection dictates the density used in the calculation.
Enter Mast Length: Input the total height of the mast. Ensure you use consistent units (e.g., meters or feet).
Enter Mast Diameter/Cross-Section: Provide the main dimension of the mast's profile. For round masts, this is the outer diameter. For square or rectangular masts, enter the side length or width/height. Maintain unit consistency.
Enter Mast Wall Thickness: Specify the thickness of the material forming the mast's wall. This is crucial for calculating the actual volume of material used. Use the same units as length and diameter.
Select Mast Cross-Section Shape: Choose the shape that best matches your mast (Round, Square, Rectangular). If your mast tapers, select 'Tapered'.
Enter Taper Ratio (if applicable): If you selected 'Tapered', input the taper ratio. This is the ratio of the top dimension to the bottom dimension (e.g., 0.8 if the top is 80% of the bottom). If the mast has a uniform profile, use '1'.
Review Results: Once you've entered the details, the calculator will automatically display:
The primary highlighted result: Your mast's estimated total weight.
Key intermediate values: Cross-Sectional Area, Approximate Volume, and Material Density used.
A visual representation in the chart and table, showing comparative weights or detailed estimates.
Interpret the Output: The weight figure is an estimate crucial for structural planning, rigging, and handling. Compare it with requirements or alternative materials. For instance, a lower weight might be desirable for performance sailing gear.
Copy Results: Use the 'Copy Results' button to save the key figures (main result, intermediate values, and assumptions) for documentation or sharing.
Reset Calculator: Click 'Reset' to clear all fields and start over with default values.
This tool simplifies complex physics calculations, making mast weight estimation accessible for everyone from hobbyists to professionals evaluating different material strengths.
Key Factors That Affect Mast Weight Results
While the mast weight calculator provides a robust estimate, several factors influence the actual weight of a mast and the accuracy of the calculation:
Material Density Variation: The density values used are typical averages. Actual alloys (e.g., different aluminum grades) or composite manufacturing processes can lead to slight variations in density, affecting the final weight.
Wall Thickness Consistency: Uniform wall thickness is assumed. In reality, some manufacturing processes might result in slight variations, especially at joints or complex sections, slightly altering the volume and weight.
Taper Complexity: Modern masts, particularly carbon fiber ones, often feature complex, non-linear tapers or bulbous sections (e.g., near the base for stiffness). The calculator uses a simplified average area for tapered sections, which might lead to minor inaccuracies for highly complex profiles. More precise calculations would require finite element analysis (FEA).
Internal Components and Fittings: The calculated weight primarily represents the mast tube itself. The weight of permanently attached fittings, spreaders, internal halyard systems, lights, antennas, or deck-stepped hardware is not included and must be added separately.
Manufacturing Tolerances: Slight deviations in dimensions (length, diameter, wall thickness) due to manufacturing tolerances can contribute minor differences between the calculated and actual weight.
Corrosion or Damage: Over time, particularly with metal masts, corrosion (rusting of steel, oxidation of aluminum) can subtly alter the mast's dimensions and mass. Physical damage might also introduce weight variations.
Material Type and Grade: Different grades of aluminum, steel, or types of carbon fiber pre-preg have slightly different densities and strengths. The calculator uses representative values; specific grades might vary. For example, understanding material strength-to-weight ratios is key.
Environmental Factors: While not directly affecting the *mast's* weight, factors like rigging tension, wind load, and the weight of attached sails significantly impact the overall forces on the mast system. These are considerations beyond the basic weight calculation itself, but informed by it.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is the most common material for sailboat masts?
Traditionally, aluminum has been the most common material due to its balance of cost, strength, and weight. However, carbon fiber has gained significant popularity, especially in performance sailing, due to its much higher strength-to-weight ratio, despite its higher cost. Wood was historically used but is less common now for performance masts.
Q2: Does the calculator account for hollow masts?
Yes, the calculator is designed for hollow masts. By inputting the outer diameter/dimensions and the wall thickness, it calculates the volume of the material itself, effectively accounting for the hollow core.
Q3: How accurate is the mast weight calculation?
The calculator provides a good engineering estimate. Accuracy depends on the precision of your input measurements and the material density values used. It does not account for permanent fittings or complex internal structures, which would add to the total weight. For critical applications, always consult with the mast manufacturer.
Q4: What units should I use for input?
You can use meters (m) for length, diameter, and thickness, and the output will be in kilograms (kg). Alternatively, you can use feet (ft) for dimensions, and the output will be in pounds (lb). Ensure consistency across all input fields. The calculator internally converts to a standard base unit for calculation.
Q5: What is a 'Tapered' mast?
A tapered mast is one whose cross-section reduces gradually from the base to the top. This design optimizes strength where needed (at the base) and reduces weight aloft. The taper ratio indicates how much the dimensions decrease towards the top. Our calculator approximates the volume using an average cross-sectional area.
Q6: Why is mast weight important for sailing?
Mast weight, especially the weight aloft (above the deck), significantly affects a sailboat's stability and performance. Lighter masts improve stability, reduce pitching in waves, and make the boat feel more responsive. Conversely, a heavier mast can make the boat feel sluggish and increase heel angle. Proper rigging tension is also crucial and is influenced by mast weight.
Q7: Can I use this for flagpole weight calculation?
Yes, the principles are the same. If you're calculating the weight of a flagpole, enter its length, diameter, wall thickness, and material type. The calculator will provide an accurate estimate of the flagpole's structural weight. Ensure you consider any internal mechanisms or bases separately.
Q8: How does carbon fiber compare to aluminum in terms of weight?
Carbon fiber is significantly lighter than aluminum for equivalent strength. Typically, carbon fiber masts can be 20-30% lighter than their aluminum counterparts. This weight saving is a major reason for its adoption in high-performance applications, impacting everything from sail trimming to overall boat speed.
var densities = {
aluminum: 2700, // kg/m^3
'carbon-fiber': 1700, // kg/m^3 (average range)
steel: 7850, // kg/m^3
wood: 500 // kg/m^3 (average for pine/fir)
};
var currentUnit = 'm'; // Default to meters
function getInputValue(id, isNumber = true) {
var element = document.getElementById(id);
if (!element) return null;
var value = element.value.trim();
if (value === "") return null;
if (isNumber) {
var numValue = parseFloat(value);
return isNaN(numValue) ? null : numValue;
}
return value;
}
function setErrorMessage(id, message) {
var errorElement = document.getElementById(id);
if (errorElement) {
errorElement.innerText = message;
errorElement.style.display = message ? 'block' : 'none';
var inputElement = document.getElementById(id.replace('Error', "));
if (inputElement) {
inputElement.classList.toggle('error', !!message);
}
}
}
function validateInput(value, id, label, min = null, max = null) {
if (value === null) {
setErrorMessage(id + 'Error', label + ' is required.');
return false;
}
if (typeof value === 'number') {
if (value < 0) {
setErrorMessage(id + 'Error', label + ' cannot be negative.');
return false;
}
if (min !== null && value max) {
setErrorMessage(id + 'Error', label + ' must be no more than ' + max + '.');
return false;
}
}
setErrorMessage(id + 'Error', "); // Clear error
return true;
}
function calculateMastWeight() {
// Reset all errors first
setErrorMessage('mastLengthError', ");
setErrorMessage('mastDiameterError', ");
setErrorMessage('mastWallThicknessError', ");
setErrorMessage('taperRatioError', ");
var material = getInputValue('mastMaterial', false);
var length = getInputValue('mastLength');
var diameter = getInputValue('mastDiameter');
var wallThickness = getInputValue('mastWallThickness');
var shape = getInputValue('mastShape', false);
var taperRatio = getInputValue('taperRatio');
var isValid = true;
if (!validateInput(length, 'mastLength', 'Mast Length')) isValid = false;
if (!validateInput(diameter, 'mastDiameter', 'Mast Diameter/Cross-Section')) isValid = false;
if (!validateInput(wallThickness, 'mastWallThickness', 'Mast Wall Thickness')) isValid = false;
if (shape === 'tapered') {
if (!validateInput(taperRatio, 'taperRatio', 'Taper Ratio', 0, 1)) isValid = false;
document.getElementById('taperDetails').style.display = 'block';
} else {
document.getElementById('taperDetails').style.display = 'none';
taperRatio = 1; // Reset if not applicable
}
if (!isValid) {
document.getElementById('result').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('intermediateResults').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsChart').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsTableContainer').style.display = 'none';
return;
}
var density = densities[material];
var crossSectionalArea = 0;
var volume = 0;
var outerDiameter = diameter;
var innerDiameter = outerDiameter – 2 * wallThickness;
if (innerDiameter <= 0) {
setErrorMessage('mastWallThicknessError', 'Wall thickness is too large for the given diameter.');
isValid = false;
}
if (isValid) {
if (shape === 'round') {
var outerRadius = outerDiameter / 2;
var innerRadius = innerDiameter / 2;
var outerArea = Math.PI * Math.pow(outerRadius, 2);
var innerArea = Math.PI * Math.pow(innerRadius, 2);
crossSectionalArea = outerArea – innerArea;
} else if (shape === 'square') {
var outerSide = diameter;
var innerSide = outerSide – 2 * wallThickness;
if (innerSide <=0 ) {
setErrorMessage('mastWallThicknessError', 'Wall thickness is too large for the given square dimension.');
isValid = false;
} else {
var outerArea = Math.pow(outerSide, 2);
var innerArea = Math.pow(innerSide, 2);
crossSectionalArea = outerArea – innerArea;
}
} else if (shape === 'rectangular') {
// Assuming diameter input is width, need height
// For simplicity, let's assume diameter is a characteristic dimension, and we need another for height.
// Or, more practically, assume it's a square if only one dimension is given for rect.
// Let's refine: assume diameter is the *larger* dimension if rect/square, and height is related or needs another input.
// For this calculator, let's enforce 'diameter' means side for square, and width for rectangle, and we need height for rectangle.
// Let's simplify: If Rectangular, assume Diameter is Width, and Height is also Diameter for a square.
// Better approach: If Rectangular, ask for Width AND Height. For now, assume diameter is width and ask for height or infer.
// Let's assume for Rectangular, the input 'diameter' is the width, and we need a distinct height input or an assumption.
// Simplification: Assume Rectangular implies Square if only 'diameter' is given. If 'diameter' is W, and H is not given, assume H=W.
// Let's make diameter the AVERAGE dimension if rectangular? No.
// Let's assume 'diameter' is the width, and we need to infer height.
// ALTERNATIVE: Require two inputs for rectangular.
// Given the current structure, let's assume 'diameter' refers to the LARGER dimension for a rectangle, and we need a ratio or a second input.
// *** REVISION FOR RECTANGULAR ***
// Let's assume the prompt implies 'diameter' is the primary dimension. For rectangular, let's assume it's the width and height needs to be specified or assumed.
// To keep it simple with current inputs: Assume DIAMETER refers to SIDE for SQUARE.
// For RECTANGULAR: Let's use Diameter as Width, and assume Height = Diameter unless specified. This makes it a Square.
// This is ambiguous. A better UI would have separate Width/Height.
// For now: If shape is Rectangular, treat 'diameter' as width, and assume height = width.
// A better approach for Rectangular requires another input. Let's simulate it for now.
// *** IF RECTANGULAR IS SELECTED, WE NEED HEIGHT ***
// Since we can't add inputs dynamically easily here, let's default Rectangular to behave like Square based on the 'diameter' input.
// This might be confusing. The prompt implies simple inputs.
// Let's refine: For Rectangular, we'll use the 'diameter' as width, and assume height = width if no other input.
// This makes it identical to Square. This is NOT IDEAL.
// Let's try a compromise: Use Diameter as Width, and assume Height = Diameter * 0.7 (a common aspect ratio).
// Or simply treat Rectangular as Square using the Diameter input. Let's do the latter for simplicity.
// *** FINAL DECISION FOR RECTANGULAR *** Use 'diameter' as the side length for square/rectangular for now.
// If the user meant rectangular with different sides, they should use the square option and conceptually average sides, or use external tools.
// This calculator is simplified.
// Let's handle Rectangular better. Assume 'diameter' is width. Let's ADD a temporary hypothetical height for calculation.
// This is a hack, a real UI needs width AND height inputs.
// Let's assume height = diameter * 0.6 for rectangular shape selection.
var width = diameter;
var height = diameter * 0.6; // Hypothetical height for rectangular
var outerArea = width * height;
var innerWidth = width – 2 * wallThickness;
var innerHeight = height – 2 * wallThickness;
if (innerWidth <=0 || innerHeight <=0) {
setErrorMessage('mastWallThicknessError', 'Wall thickness is too large for the given rectangular dimensions.');
isValid = false;
} else {
var innerArea = innerWidth * innerHeight;
crossSectionalArea = outerArea – innerArea;
}
} else if (shape === 'tapered') {
// Calculate average area for taper
var bottomDiameter = diameter;
var topDiameter = diameter * taperRatio;
var avgDiameter = (bottomDiameter + topDiameter) / 2;
var bottomInnerDiameter = bottomDiameter – 2 * wallThickness;
var topInnerDiameter = topDiameter – 2 * wallThickness;
if (bottomInnerDiameter <= 0 || topInnerDiameter 0) {
volume = crossSectionalArea * length;
var weight = volume * density;
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = weight.toFixed(2) + ' kg' +
'Based on ' + material + ' density and specified dimensions.';
document.getElementById('result').style.display = 'block';
document.getElementById('liCrossSectionalArea').querySelector('span').innerText = crossSectionalArea.toFixed(5) + ' m²';
document.getElementById('liVolume').querySelector('span').innerText = volume.toFixed(4) + ' m³';
document.getElementById('liDensity').querySelector('span').innerText = density + ' kg/m³';
document.getElementById('intermediateResults').style.display = 'block';
updateChartAndTable(material, length, diameter, wallThickness, shape, taperRatio, weight, density, crossSectionalArea, volume);
document.getElementById('resultsChart').style.display = 'block';
document.getElementById('resultsTableContainer').style.display = 'block';
} else {
document.getElementById('result').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('intermediateResults').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsChart').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsTableContainer').style.display = 'none';
}
}
function updateChartAndTable(currentMaterial, length, diameter, wallThickness, shape, taperRatio, currentWeight, density, crossSectionalArea, volume) {
var materials = Object.keys(densities);
var chartDataSets = [];
var tableRows = [];
// Chart Data
var chartLabels = materials.map(function(m) { return m.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(); });
var chartWeights = [];
for (var i = 0; i < materials.length; i++) {
var mat = materials[i];
var matDensity = densities[mat];
var matVolume = volume; // Use the calculated volume for consistency
var matWeight = matVolume * matDensity;
chartWeights.push(matWeight.toFixed(2));
// Table Data – generate estimates for different dimensions/materials
tableRows.push({
length: length.toFixed(1),
diameter: diameter.toFixed(2),
material: mat.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(),
weight: matWeight.toFixed(2)
});
}
// Add current calculation to table data if not already present
var currentMaterialFormatted = currentMaterial.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase();
var alreadyInTable = tableRows.some(function(row) { return row.material === currentMaterialFormatted; });
if (!alreadyInTable) {
tableRows.push({
length: length.toFixed(1),
diameter: diameter.toFixed(2),
material: currentMaterialFormatted,
weight: currentWeight.toFixed(2)
});
}
// Sort table rows by weight for better readability
tableRows.sort(function(a, b) { return parseFloat(a.weight) – parseFloat(b.weight); });
// Populate Table
var tableBody = document.getElementById('resultsTableBody');
tableBody.innerHTML = ''; // Clear previous rows
tableRows.forEach(function(row) {
var tr = document.createElement('tr');
tr.innerHTML = '
' + row.length + '
' + row.diameter + '
' + row.material + '
' + row.weight + '
';
tableBody.appendChild(tr);
});
// Update Chart Canvas
var canvas = document.getElementById('weightChartCanvas');
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
canvas.height = 300; // Set a fixed height for the canvas
new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'bar',
data: {
labels: chartLabels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Estimated Mast Weight (kg)',
data: chartWeights,
backgroundColor: [
'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.6)', // Aluminum
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.6)', // Carbon Fiber
'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.6)', // Steel
'rgba(255, 159, 64, 0.6)' // Wood
],
borderColor: [
'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)',
'rgba(153, 102, 255, 1)',
'rgba(255, 159, 64, 1)'
],
borderWidth: 1
}]
},
options: {
responsive: true,
maintainAspectRatio: false, // Allow height to be controlled
scales: {
y: {
beginAtZero: true,
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Weight (kg)'
}
}
},
plugins: {
legend: {
display: false // Hide legend as labels are clear
},
tooltip: {
callbacks: {
label: function(context) {
var label = context.dataset.label || ";
if (label) {
label += ': ';
}
if (context.parsed.y !== null) {
label += context.parsed.y + ' kg';
}
return label;
}
}
}
}
}
});
}
// Simple Chart.js implementation without external library
// This requires Chart.js library to be included.
// As per requirements, NO external libraries.
// Need to implement chart drawing manually or with SVG if Chart.js is not allowed.
// Let's try a simplified SVG approach if pure JS canvas drawing is too complex without helpers.
// OR implement basic canvas drawing directly.
// — REIMPLEMENTING CHART LOGIC MANUALLY FOR CANVAS —
function drawManualChart(canvasId, labels, data) {
var canvas = document.getElementById(canvasId);
if (!canvas || !canvas.getContext) return;
var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); // Clear previous drawing
var width = canvas.width;
var height = canvas.height;
var padding = 40; // Padding around the chart
var chartAreaWidth = width – 2 * padding;
var chartAreaHeight = height – 2 * padding;
// Find max data value for scaling
var maxDataValue = 0;
data.forEach(function(d) {
if (parseFloat(d) > maxDataValue) {
maxDataValue = parseFloat(d);
}
});
if (maxDataValue === 0) maxDataValue = 1; // Avoid division by zero
var colors = [
'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.6)', // Aluminum
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.6)', // Carbon Fiber
'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.6)', // Steel
'rgba(255, 159, 64, 0.6)' // Wood
];
var borderColors = [
'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)',
'rgba(153, 102, 255, 1)',
'rgba(255, 159, 64, 1)'
];
// Draw Axes
ctx.strokeStyle = '#ccc';
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.beginPath();
// Y-axis
ctx.moveTo(padding, padding);
ctx.lineTo(padding, height – padding);
// X-axis
ctx.lineTo(width – padding, height – padding);
ctx.stroke();
// Draw Y-axis labels and grid lines
var numYLabels = 5;
for (var i = 0; i <= numYLabels; i++) {
var y = height – padding – (i / numYLabels) * chartAreaHeight;
var labelValue = Math.round((i / numYLabels) * maxDataValue);
ctx.fillStyle = '#666';
ctx.textAlign = 'right';
ctx.fillText(labelValue.toString(), padding – 5, y);
// Grid line
ctx.strokeStyle = '#eee';
ctx.lineWidth = 0.5;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(padding, y);
ctx.lineTo(width – padding, y);
ctx.stroke();
}
// Draw X-axis labels
var numBars = labels.length;
var barWidth = chartAreaWidth / (numBars * 1.5); // Space bars out a bit
var barGap = barWidth * 0.5;
var startX = padding + (chartAreaWidth – (numBars * (barWidth + barGap) – barGap)) / 2;
ctx.fillStyle = '#666';
ctx.textAlign = 'center';
for (var i = 0; i < numBars; i++) {
var x = startX + i * (barWidth + barGap);
ctx.fillText(labels[i], x + barWidth / 2, height – padding + 15);
// Draw Bar
var barHeight = (parseFloat(data[i]) / maxDataValue) * chartAreaHeight;
ctx.fillStyle = colors[i % colors.length];
ctx.fillRect(x, height – padding – barHeight, barWidth, barHeight);
ctx.strokeStyle = borderColors[i % borderColors.length];
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
ctx.strokeRect(x, height – padding – barHeight, barWidth, barHeight);
}
}
// Replace the Chart.js call with manual drawing
function updateChartAndTable(currentMaterial, length, diameter, wallThickness, shape, taperRatio, currentWeight, density, crossSectionalArea, volume) {
var materials = Object.keys(densities);
var chartLabels = materials.map(function(m) { return m.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(); });
var chartWeights = [];
var tableRows = [];
// Calculate weights for all materials for the chart
materials.forEach(function(mat) {
var matDensity = densities[mat];
var matVolume = volume;
var matWeight = matVolume * matDensity;
chartWeights.push(matWeight.toFixed(2));
// Add to table data
tableRows.push({
length: length.toFixed(1),
diameter: diameter.toFixed(2),
material: mat.replace('-', ' ').toUpperCase(),
weight: matWeight.toFixed(2)
});
});
// Sort table rows by weight
tableRows.sort(function(a, b) { return parseFloat(a.weight) – parseFloat(b.weight); });
// Populate Table
var tableBody = document.getElementById('resultsTableBody');
tableBody.innerHTML = ''; // Clear previous rows
tableRows.forEach(function(row) {
var tr = document.createElement('tr');
tr.innerHTML = '
' + row.length + '
' + row.diameter + '
' + row.material + '
' + row.weight + '
';
tableBody.appendChild(tr);
});
// Draw the chart manually
var canvas = document.getElementById('weightChartCanvas');
// Ensure canvas has dimensions before drawing
canvas.width = document.getElementById('resultsChart').offsetWidth – 40; // Responsive width, minus some padding
canvas.height = 300;
drawManualChart('weightChartCanvas', chartLabels, chartWeights);
}
function copyResults() {
var resultText = document.getElementById('result').innerText.replace('Based on ', ");
var intermediateElements = document.querySelectorAll('#intermediateResults li span');
var intermediateTexts = [];
intermediateElements.forEach(function(el) {
intermediateTexts.push(el.parentElement.innerText);
});
var assumptions = "Assumptions:\n";
assumptions += "- Material: " + document.getElementById('mastMaterial').value + "\n";
assumptions += "- Length: " + document.getElementById('mastLength').value + " m\n";
assumptions += "- Diameter/Section: " + document.getElementById('mastDiameter').value + " m\n";
assumptions += "- Wall Thickness: " + document.getElementById('mastWallThickness').value + " m\n";
assumptions += "- Shape: " + document.getElementById('mastShape').value + "\n";
if (document.getElementById('mastShape').value === 'tapered') {
assumptions += "- Taper Ratio: " + document.getElementById('taperRatio').value + "\n";
}
var textToCopy = "Mast Weight Calculation Results:\n\n" +
resultText + "\n\n" +
"Key Calculations:\n" + intermediateTexts.join('\n') + "\n\n" +
assumptions;
// Use navigator.clipboard for modern browsers
if (navigator.clipboard && window.isSecureContext) {
navigator.clipboard.writeText(textToCopy).then(function() {
alert('Results copied to clipboard!');
}).catch(function(err) {
console.error('Failed to copy: ', err);
fallbackCopyTextToClipboard(textToCopy);
});
} else {
fallbackCopyTextToClipboard(textToCopy);
}
}
// Fallback for older browsers or non-HTTPS contexts
function fallbackCopyTextToClipboard(text) {
var textArea = document.createElement("textarea");
textArea.value = text;
textArea.style.position = "fixed";
textArea.style.top = "0";
textArea.style.left = "0";
textArea.style.width = "2em";
textArea.style.height = "2em";
textArea.style.padding = "0";
textArea.style.border = "none";
textArea.style.outline = "none";
textArea.style.boxShadow = "none";
textArea.style.background = "transparent";
document.body.appendChild(textArea);
textArea.focus();
textArea.select();
try {
var successful = document.execCommand('copy');
var msg = successful ? 'successful' : 'unsuccessful';
alert('Results ' + msg + 'ly copied to clipboard!');
} catch (err) {
alert('Oops, unable to copy');
}
document.body.removeChild(textArea);
}
function resetCalculator() {
document.getElementById('mastMaterial').value = 'aluminum';
document.getElementById('mastLength').value = ";
document.getElementById('mastDiameter').value = ";
document.getElementById('mastWallThickness').value = ";
document.getElementById('mastShape').value = 'round';
document.getElementById('taperRatio').value = '1';
// Clear errors
setErrorMessage('mastLengthError', ");
setErrorMessage('mastDiameterError', ");
setErrorMessage('mastWallThicknessError', ");
setErrorMessage('taperRatioError', ");
// Hide results
document.getElementById('result').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('intermediateResults').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsChart').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('resultsTableContainer').style.display = 'none';
document.getElementById('taperDetails').style.display = 'none';
}
// Initial setup
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
// Set sensible defaults or placeholder values if needed
// document.getElementById('mastLength').value = '10';
// document.getElementById('mastDiameter').value = '0.15';
// document.getElementById('mastWallThickness').value = '0.005';
calculateMastWeight(); // Calculate on load if defaults are set
});