#rental-calculator-wrapper {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
color: #333;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.calc-container {
background: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 25px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.calc-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.calc-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.input-group label {
display: block;
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 5px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #2c3e50;
}
.input-group input, .input-group select {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 16px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.section-title {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: 700;
margin-top: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
color: #2980b9;
border-bottom: 2px solid #eee;
padding-bottom: 5px;
}
.calc-btn {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background-color: #27ae60;
color: white;
border: none;
padding: 15px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: bold;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.calc-btn:hover {
background-color: #219150;
}
.result-box {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 20px;
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
margin-bottom: 10px;
padding-bottom: 10px;
border-bottom: 1px dashed #eee;
}
.result-row.highlight {
font-weight: bold;
color: #27ae60;
font-size: 1.1em;
border-bottom: none;
}
.result-label {
color: #555;
}
.error-msg {
color: #c0392b;
font-size: 14px;
margin-top: 5px;
display: none;
}
.article-content h2 {
color: #2c3e50;
margin-top: 30px;
}
.article-content ul {
padding-left: 20px;
}
.article-content li {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
function calculateROI() {
// Get inputs
var purchasePrice = parseFloat(document.getElementById('purchasePrice').value);
var closingCosts = parseFloat(document.getElementById('closingCosts').value);
var downPaymentPercent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('downPaymentPercent').value);
var interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value);
var loanTerm = parseFloat(document.getElementById('loanTerm').value);
var monthlyRent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyRent').value);
var vacancyRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('vacancyRate').value);
var annualTax = parseFloat(document.getElementById('annualTax').value);
var annualInsurance = parseFloat(document.getElementById('annualInsurance').value);
var monthlyHOA = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyHOA').value);
var maintenancePercent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('maintenancePercent').value);
// Validation
if (isNaN(purchasePrice) || isNaN(monthlyRent) || purchasePrice = 0) {
cashFlowElem.style.color = '#27ae60';
} else {
cashFlowElem.style.color = '#c0392b';
}
document.getElementById('resCoC').innerText = cashOnCash.toFixed(2) + '%';
document.getElementById('resCapRate').innerText = capRate.toFixed(2) + '%';
// Show results
document.getElementById('resultDisplay').style.display = 'block';
}
Purchase Information
Financing Details
Rental Income
Recurring Expenses
Please enter valid positive numbers for all fields.
Financial Analysis
Total Initial Investment (Cash Needed):
$0.00
Monthly Mortgage Payment (P&I):
$0.00
Total Monthly Expenses:
$0.00
Monthly Net Operating Income (NOI):
$0.00
Est. Monthly Cash Flow:
$0.00
Cash on Cash Return (ROI):
0.00%
Cap Rate:
0.00%
What is Rental Property Cash Flow?
Rental property cash flow is the net amount of money remaining after all property-related expenses and debt service (mortgage payments) have been paid from the gross rental income. Positive cash flow indicates that the property generates profit month-over-month, while negative cash flow means the investor must pay out of pocket to hold the asset.
How to Calculate Cash on Cash Return (CoC)
The Cash on Cash return is a critical metric for real estate investors. It measures the annual return on the actual cash invested, rather than the total purchase price. This is particularly important when leverage (loans) is used.
The Formula:
Cash on Cash Return = (Annual Pre-Tax Cash Flow / Total Cash Invested) × 100
Total Cash Invested typically includes:
- Down Payment
- Closing Costs
- Initial Repairs or Renovations
Understanding the Key Metrics
- NOI (Net Operating Income): The profitability of the property excluding debt service. It is calculated as Gross Income – Operating Expenses. Banks use this to determine the property's value.
- Cap Rate (Capitalization Rate): Calculated as (Annual NOI / Purchase Price) × 100. It represents the potential return on investment if the property were bought with all cash. It helps compare different properties regardless of financing.
- Vacancy Rate: Real estate is rarely occupied 100% of the time. A safe estimate for calculations is typically 5% to 8%, representing the time the unit sits empty between tenants.
Why Use This Calculator?
Investing in rental real estate requires precision. A property that looks good based on gross rent might actually lose money once you factor in maintenance (typically 1% of property value per year or 10% of rent), vacancy, HOA fees, and insurance. This calculator provides a realistic view of your potential monthly income and helps you avoid investing in negative cash flow properties.