.calculator-wrapper {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
color: #333;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.calc-container {
background: #f8f9fa;
border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 30px;
margin: 30px 0;
box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.calc-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.calc-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.input-group label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9em;
color: #495057;
}
.input-group input, .input-group select {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ced4da;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 16px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.input-group input:focus {
border-color: #4dabf7;
outline: none;
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(77, 171, 247, 0.2);
}
.section-title {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
border-bottom: 2px solid #dee2e6;
padding-bottom: 10px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
margin-top: 10px;
color: #212529;
}
.calc-btn {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background-color: #228be6;
color: white;
border: none;
padding: 15px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: bold;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.2s;
width: 100%;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.calc-btn:hover {
background-color: #1c7ed6;
}
.results-box {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 20px;
display: none;
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 10px 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f3f5;
}
.result-row:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.result-label {
font-weight: 500;
color: #555;
}
.result-value {
font-weight: 700;
color: #228be6;
}
.big-result {
text-align: center;
background: #e7f5ff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 6px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.big-result .label {
font-size: 1.1em;
color: #1971c2;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.big-result .value {
font-size: 2.5em;
font-weight: 800;
color: #1864ab;
}
h2 { margin-top: 40px; color: #343a40; }
p { margin-bottom: 15px; }
ul { margin-bottom: 15px; padding-left: 20px; }
li { margin-bottom: 8px; }
Rental Property Cash on Cash Return Calculator
Real estate investing is a numbers game. Unlike buying a personal home based on emotion, buying a rental property requires a cold, hard analysis of the returns. The Cash on Cash Return (CoC) is one of the most important metrics for investors because it measures the annual return on the actual cash invested, providing a true picture of your money's performance.
Use the calculator below to analyze a potential rental property deal. It accounts for mortgage costs, operating expenses, vacancy rates, and maintenance to give you a clear "Monthly Cash Flow" and "Cash on Cash Return" percentage.
Purchase Information
Loan Details
30 Years
20 Years
15 Years
10 Years
Income & Expenses
Variable Expenses (%)
Cash on Cash Return
0.00%
Monthly Cash Flow
$0.00
Annual Cash Flow
$0.00
Net Operating Income (NOI) / Mo
$0.00
Total Initial Cash Invested
$0.00
Est. Mortgage Payment (P&I)
$0.00
Cap Rate
0.00%
Understanding Cash on Cash Return
Cash on Cash Return is a rate of return ratio that calculates the total cash earned on the total cash invested. Unlike standard ROI (Return on Investment) which might look at the total value of the asset, CoC specifically looks at the liquidity and the actual dollars you put into the deal.
The Formula
The calculation is relatively straightforward:
Cash on Cash Return = (Annual Pre-Tax Cash Flow / Total Cash Invested) x 100%
- Annual Cash Flow: This is your Net Operating Income (NOI) minus your debt service (mortgage payments). It's the profit you keep in your pocket at the end of the year.
- Total Cash Invested: This includes your down payment, closing costs, and any immediate repair or renovation costs.
Why is this metric important?
Real estate investors use leverage (loans) to buy property. If you paid $250,000 cash for a house and it made $10,000 profit, your return is 4%. However, if you only put $50,000 down and borrowed the rest, and still made $5,000 profit (after paying interest), your Cash on Cash return is 10%. This metric helps you compare the efficiency of your capital against other investment vehicles like stocks or bonds.
What is a "Good" Return?
While this varies by market and strategy, many investors look for a Cash on Cash return between 8% and 12%. In highly appreciative markets, investors might accept lower cash flow (4-6%) banking on the property value going up, while in stable, lower-cost markets, investors might demand 12% or higher.
function calculateRentalROI() { // 1. Get Input Values var purchasePrice = parseFloat(document.getElementById("purchasePrice").value) || 0; var closingCosts = parseFloat(document.getElementById("closingCosts").value) || 0; var repairCosts = parseFloat(document.getElementById("repairCosts").value) || 0; var downPaymentPercent = parseFloat(document.getElementById("downPaymentPercent").value) || 0; var interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById("interestRate").value) || 0; var loanTermYears = parseFloat(document.getElementById("loanTerm").value) || 30; var monthlyRent = parseFloat(document.getElementById("monthlyRent").value) || 0; var propertyTaxYearly = parseFloat(document.getElementById("propertyTax").value) || 0; var insuranceYearly = parseFloat(document.getElementById("insurance").value) || 0; var hoaMonthly = parseFloat(document.getElementById("hoa").value) || 0; var vacancyRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById("vacancyRate").value) || 0; var maintenanceRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById("maintenanceRate").value) || 0; var managementRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById("managementRate").value) || 0; // 2. Perform Calculations // Initial Investment var downPaymentAmount = purchasePrice * (downPaymentPercent / 100); var loanAmount = purchasePrice – downPaymentAmount; var totalCashInvested = downPaymentAmount + closingCosts + repairCosts; // Mortgage Calculation (Principal & Interest) // M = P [ i(1 + i)^n ] / [ (1 + i)^n – 1 ] var monthlyInterestRate = (interestRate / 100) / 12; var numberOfPayments = loanTermYears * 12; var mortgagePayment = 0; if (interestRate > 0) { mortgagePayment = loanAmount * (monthlyInterestRate * Math.pow(1 + monthlyInterestRate, numberOfPayments)) / (Math.pow(1 + monthlyInterestRate, numberOfPayments) – 1); } else { mortgagePayment = loanAmount / numberOfPayments; } // Operating Expenses var vacancyCost = monthlyRent * (vacancyRate / 100); var maintenanceCost = monthlyRent * (maintenanceRate / 100); var managementCost = monthlyRent * (managementRate / 100); var monthlyTax = propertyTaxYearly / 12; var monthlyInsurance = insuranceYearly / 12; var totalOperatingExpenses = monthlyTax + monthlyInsurance + hoaMonthly + vacancyCost + maintenanceCost + managementCost; // Net Operating Income (NOI) var monthlyNOI = monthlyRent – totalOperatingExpenses; var annualNOI = monthlyNOI * 12; // Cash Flow var monthlyCashFlow = monthlyNOI – mortgagePayment; var annualCashFlow = monthlyCashFlow * 12; // Metrics var cashOnCashReturn = 0; if (totalCashInvested > 0) { cashOnCashReturn = (annualCashFlow / totalCashInvested) * 100; } var capRate = 0; if (purchasePrice > 0) { capRate = (annualNOI / purchasePrice) * 100; } // 3. Formatting Helper function formatMoney(num) { return "$" + num.toFixed(2).replace(/\d(?=(\d{3})+\.)/g, '$&,'); } function formatPercent(num) { return num.toFixed(2) + "%"; } // 4. Update DOM document.getElementById("displayCoC").innerText = formatPercent(cashOnCashReturn); document.getElementById("displayCoC").style.color = cashOnCashReturn >= 0 ? "#1864ab" : "#e03131"; document.getElementById("displayCashFlow").innerText = formatMoney(monthlyCashFlow); document.getElementById("displayCashFlow").style.color = monthlyCashFlow >= 0 ? "#228be6" : "#e03131"; document.getElementById("displayAnnualCashFlow").innerText = formatMoney(annualCashFlow); document.getElementById("displayNOI").innerText = formatMoney(monthlyNOI); document.getElementById("displayCashInvested").innerText = formatMoney(totalCashInvested); document.getElementById("displayMortgage").innerText = formatMoney(mortgagePayment); document.getElementById("displayCapRate").innerText = formatPercent(capRate); // Show results document.getElementById("resultContainer").style.display = "block"; }