Rat Cage Size & Capacity Calculator
Why Cage Size Matters for Pet Rats
Providing the correct cage size is essential for the health and happiness of pet rats. Unlike many other small rodents, rats are highly intelligent, social, and active creatures that require significant vertical and horizontal space to thrive. A cage that is too small leads to stress, obesity, and respiratory issues caused by poor ventilation and ammonia buildup.
The "2 Cubic Feet" Rule
The standard benchmark in the rat-keeping community is the 2 Cubic Feet Rule. This rule suggests that each rat should have at least 2 to 2.5 cubic feet of living space. Note that rats are social animals and should always be kept in pairs or groups; therefore, even the smallest cage should be large enough to comfortably house at least two rats (minimum 4-5 cubic feet).
Calculation Example
If you have a cage that measures 36 inches wide, 24 inches deep, and 24 inches high:
- Step 1: 36 x 24 x 24 = 20,736 total cubic inches.
- Step 2: 20,736 / 1,728 = 12 total cubic feet.
- Step 3: 12 / 2 = 6 Rats.
In this example, the cage can comfortably house up to 6 rats, provided it has adequate shelving, hammocks, and floor space.
Other Critical Factors
While volume is the most important metric, don't forget these factors:
- Bar Spacing: For adult rats, 1/2 inch to 1 inch is standard. For females or young rats, 1/2 inch is mandatory to prevent escapes.
- Ventilation: Wire cages are superior to glass tanks, as tanks trap ammonia from urine, which causes URI (Upper Respiratory Infections).
- Floor Type: Solid floors are preferred over wire floors to prevent "bumblefoot," a painful foot infection.