/* Scoped Styles for Calculator Component */
.rpc-calculator-container {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
background: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-radius: 8px;
color: #333;
}
.rpc-calculator-container h2 {
text-align: center;
color: #2c3e50;
margin-bottom: 25px;
}
.rpc-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.rpc-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
.rpc-section-title {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #2980b9;
margin-top: 10px;
border-bottom: 2px solid #2980b9;
padding-bottom: 5px;
}
.rpc-input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.rpc-input-group label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
.rpc-input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
box-sizing: border-box; /* Fix padding issues */
}
.rpc-btn {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background-color: #27ae60;
color: white;
padding: 15px;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 1.1em;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.rpc-btn:hover {
background-color: #219150;
}
.rpc-results {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background: #fff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
margin-top: 20px;
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
}
.rpc-result-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 10px 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
.rpc-result-row:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.rpc-highlight {
font-weight: bold;
color: #2c3e50;
}
.rpc-positive { color: #27ae60; }
.rpc-negative { color: #c0392b; }
/* SEO Article Styles */
.rpc-article {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 40px auto;
line-height: 1.6;
color: #444;
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}
.rpc-article h2 { color: #2c3e50; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; padding-bottom: 10px; }
.rpc-article h3 { color: #2980b9; margin-top: 25px; }
.rpc-article ul { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.rpc-article li { margin-bottom: 10px; }
function calculateCashFlow() {
// Inputs
var price = parseFloat(document.getElementById('purchasePrice').value) || 0;
var down = parseFloat(document.getElementById('downPayment').value) || 0;
var closing = parseFloat(document.getElementById('closingCosts').value) || 0;
var rehab = parseFloat(document.getElementById('rehabCosts').value) || 0;
var rate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value) || 0;
var years = parseFloat(document.getElementById('loanTerm').value) || 0;
var monthlyRent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyRent').value) || 0;
var otherInc = parseFloat(document.getElementById('otherIncome').value) || 0;
var taxAnnual = parseFloat(document.getElementById('propertyTax').value) || 0;
var insAnnual = parseFloat(document.getElementById('insurance').value) || 0;
var hoa = parseFloat(document.getElementById('hoaFees').value) || 0;
var vacRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('vacancyRate').value) || 0;
var maintRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('maintenanceRate').value) || 0;
// Validation
if (price 0 && rate > 0) {
mortgagePayment = loanAmount * (monthlyRate * Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, numberOfPayments)) / (Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, numberOfPayments) – 1);
} else if (loanAmount > 0 && rate === 0) {
mortgagePayment = loanAmount / numberOfPayments;
}
// 3. Income
var grossMonthlyIncome = monthlyRent + otherInc;
var grossAnnualIncome = grossMonthlyIncome * 12;
// 4. Operating Expenses
var vacancyCost = grossMonthlyIncome * (vacRate / 100);
var maintenanceCost = grossMonthlyIncome * (maintRate / 100);
var taxMonthly = taxAnnual / 12;
var insMonthly = insAnnual / 12;
var totalMonthlyExpenses = taxMonthly + insMonthly + hoa + vacancyCost + maintenanceCost;
// Note: Mortgage is NOT an operating expense, it is debt service.
// 5. NOI (Net Operating Income)
var monthlyNOI = grossMonthlyIncome – totalMonthlyExpenses;
var annualNOI = monthlyNOI * 12;
// 6. Cash Flow
var monthlyCashFlow = monthlyNOI – mortgagePayment;
var annualCashFlow = monthlyCashFlow * 12;
// 7. Returns
var capRate = 0;
if (price > 0) {
capRate = (annualNOI / price) * 100;
}
var cocReturn = 0;
if (totalInvestment > 0) {
cocReturn = (annualCashFlow / totalInvestment) * 100;
}
// Display Results
document.getElementById('rpcResults').style.display = 'block';
var cashFlowEl = document.getElementById('resCashFlow');
cashFlowEl.innerText = "$" + monthlyCashFlow.toFixed(2);
cashFlowEl.className = monthlyCashFlow >= 0 ? 'rpc-highlight rpc-positive' : 'rpc-highlight rpc-negative';
var cocEl = document.getElementById('resCoC');
cocEl.innerText = cocReturn.toFixed(2) + "%";
cocEl.className = cocReturn >= 0 ? 'rpc-highlight rpc-positive' : 'rpc-highlight rpc-negative';
document.getElementById('resCapRate').innerText = capRate.toFixed(2) + "%";
document.getElementById('resNOI').innerText = "$" + annualNOI.toFixed(2);
document.getElementById('resInvestment').innerText = "$" + totalInvestment.toFixed(2);
document.getElementById('resMortgage').innerText = "$" + mortgagePayment.toFixed(2);
document.getElementById('resExpenses').innerText = "$" + (totalMonthlyExpenses + mortgagePayment).toFixed(2) + " (incl. Mortgage)";
}
Understanding Rental Property Cash Flow Analysis
Investing in real estate is a numbers game. Whether you are a seasoned investor or buying your first rental property, accurately calculating your potential returns is critical to avoiding bad investments. This Rental Property Cash Flow Calculator helps you evaluate the profitability of a potential deal by analyzing three key metrics: Cash Flow, Cash on Cash Return, and Cap Rate.
1. What is Cash Flow?
Cash flow is the profit you bring in each month after all expenses are paid. It is calculated by subtracting your total monthly expenses (including your mortgage payment) from your total monthly rental income.
- Positive Cash Flow: The property generates income for you every month.
- Negative Cash Flow: You must pay out of pocket to keep the property running.
Successful investors typically aim for a specific dollar amount per door (e.g., $200/month) to ensure the investment is worthwhile.
2. Net Operating Income (NOI) vs. Cash Flow
It is important to distinguish between NOI and Cash Flow. NOI is your income minus operating expenses (taxes, insurance, vacancy, repairs) before paying the mortgage. Cash Flow is what remains after paying the mortgage (debt service).
NOI is useful for comparing the performance of the property itself, regardless of financing, while Cash Flow measures money in your pocket.
3. Cash on Cash Return (CoC)
This metric tells you how hard your money is working. It compares your annual cash flow to the total cash you invested (Down Payment + Closing Costs + Rehab Costs).
Formula: (Annual Cash Flow / Total Cash Invested) × 100
For example, if you invest $50,000 cash and the property generates $5,000 in annual profit, your CoC return is 10%. This allows you to compare real estate returns directly against other investments like stocks or bonds.
4. Capitalization Rate (Cap Rate)
The Cap Rate measures the natural rate of return of the property assuming you paid in all cash. It is calculated by dividing the Annual NOI by the Purchase Price.
Cap Rates are heavily influenced by the local market. A lower Cap Rate (3-5%) usually indicates a lower-risk, high-demand area, while a higher Cap Rate (8-12%) may indicate a riskier area or a property requiring more management.
5. Hidden Expenses to Watch For
Novice investors often overestimate cash flow by forgetting hidden costs. This calculator includes fields for:
- Vacancy Rate: Properties won't be rented 365 days a year. A standard 5-8% allowance is prudent.
- Maintenance/CapEx: Setting aside 5-10% of rent for repairs and capital expenditures (like a new roof) is essential for long-term accuracy.
- Property Management: Even if you self-manage now, account for your time or future management fees (typically 8-10% of rent).