Gross to Net Calculator

Gross to Net Pay Calculator

Estimate your take-home pay after federal taxes, FICA, and deductions.

Single Married Filing Jointly

Calculation Summary

Estimated Annual Net:

Estimated Monthly Net:

Federal Income Tax:

FICA (Soc. Sec + Medicare):

State Tax Estimate:

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Understanding Gross vs. Net Pay

When you receive a job offer, the salary mentioned is almost always your Gross Pay. This is the total amount of money your employer pays you before any withholding or deductions are taken out. Your Net Pay, often called "take-home pay," is the actual amount that lands in your bank account.

The Main Components of Payroll Deductions

• Federal Income Tax: A progressive tax system where higher income ranges are taxed at higher percentages.
• FICA Taxes: This includes Social Security (6.2%) and Medicare (1.45%), which are mandatory contributions for most US employees.
• State and Local Taxes: Depending on where you live, your state may take an additional percentage of your income.
• Pre-Tax Deductions: These are voluntary contributions for things like health insurance premiums, 401(k) retirement plans, or Flexible Spending Accounts (FSA). These actually lower your taxable income.

Calculation Example

Let's look at a realistic scenario for a single filer earning $60,000 annually with $200 in monthly health insurance premiums and a 5% state tax rate.

1. Gross Annual: $60,000
2. Pre-tax Deductions: $2,400 ($200 x 12)
3. Taxable Income: $57,600 (Minus standard deduction of $14,600 for 2024 = $43,000 net taxable)
4. FICA Tax: ~$4,590 (7.65% of gross)
5. Federal Tax: Calculated via brackets (approx. $4,800)
6. State Tax: $3,000 (5% of $60k)
7. Final Net Pay: ~$45,210 annually or $3,767 per month

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is my take-home pay lower than expected?
Most people forget about FICA taxes, which total 7.65% regardless of your income level (up to certain limits). Additionally, if you contribute heavily to a 401(k), your net pay will be lower today, but your future savings will be higher.

Does filing status change my net pay?
Yes. Generally, "Married Filing Jointly" results in lower tax liability than "Single" because the tax brackets are wider and the standard deduction is doubled ($29,200 vs $14,600 for 2024).

function calculateNetPay() { var gross = parseFloat(document.getElementById('annualGross').value); var status = document.getElementById('filingStatus').value; var monthlyDeductions = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyDeductions').value) || 0; var stateRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('stateTaxRate').value) || 0; if (isNaN(gross) || gross ficaLimit) { ficaTax = (ficaLimit * 0.062) + (gross * 0.0145); } else { ficaTax = gross * ficaRate; } // Standard Deduction 2024 var standardDeduction = (status === 'single') ? 14600 : 29200; var taxableIncome = gross – annualDeductions – standardDeduction; if (taxableIncome 609350) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 609350) * 0.37; taxableIncome = 609350; } if (taxableIncome > 243725) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 243725) * 0.35; taxableIncome = 243725; } if (taxableIncome > 191950) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 191950) * 0.32; taxableIncome = 191950; } if (taxableIncome > 100525) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 100525) * 0.24; taxableIncome = 100525; } if (taxableIncome > 47150) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 47150) * 0.22; taxableIncome = 47150; } if (taxableIncome > 11600) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 11600) * 0.12; taxableIncome = 11600; } fedTax += taxableIncome * 0.10; } else { // Married Filing Jointly if (taxableIncome > 731200) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 731200) * 0.37; taxableIncome = 731200; } if (taxableIncome > 487450) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 487450) * 0.35; taxableIncome = 487450; } if (taxableIncome > 383900) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 383900) * 0.32; taxableIncome = 383900; } if (taxableIncome > 201050) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 201050) * 0.24; taxableIncome = 201050; } if (taxableIncome > 94300) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 94300) * 0.22; taxableIncome = 94300; } if (taxableIncome > 23200) { fedTax += (taxableIncome – 23200) * 0.12; taxableIncome = 23200; } fedTax += taxableIncome * 0.10; } var stateTax = gross * (stateRate / 100); var annualNet = gross – ficaTax – fedTax – stateTax – annualDeductions; var monthlyNet = annualNet / 12; // Display results document.getElementById('resAnnualNet').innerText = "$" + annualNet.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resMonthlyNet').innerText = "$" + monthlyNet.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resFedTax').innerText = "- $" + fedTax.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resFica').innerText = "- $" + ficaTax.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resStateTax').innerText = "- $" + stateTax.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resultsArea').style.display = 'block'; }