Calculate Federal Tax

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Rental Property Cash Flow Calculator

Monthly Mortgage (P&I): $0.00
Effective Gross Income: $0.00
Total Monthly Expenses: $0.00
Net Monthly Cash Flow: $0.00
Cash on Cash Return (Annual): 0.00%
Cap Rate: 0.00%

Understanding Rental Property Cash Flow

Investing in real estate requires more than just looking at the monthly rent. Successful investors use a Rental Property Cash Flow Calculator to determine if a property will actually put money in their pocket after all expenses are paid. Cash flow is the net amount of cash being transferred into and out of a business or investment.

Key Metrics Explained

  • Gross Rent: The total amount of rent collected before any expenses.
  • Vacancy Rate: An allowance for the time the property sits empty between tenants. Typically 5-10% is realistic.
  • Cap Rate: The Net Operating Income (NOI) divided by the purchase price. It measures the property's yield independent of financing.
  • Cash on Cash (CoC) Return: The annual pre-tax cash flow divided by the total cash invested (down payment). This is a critical metric for comparing investments.

A Practical Example

Imagine you buy a duplex for $300,000 with a 20% down payment ($60,000). If the total monthly rent is $2,500 and your total expenses (mortgage, taxes, insurance, management, and repairs) equal $2,100, your net monthly cash flow is $400. Your annual cash flow would be $4,800, resulting an 8% Cash on Cash return ($4,800 / $60,000).

How to Improve Your Cash Flow

To maximize your investment, consider these three levers:

  1. Decrease Vacancy: Vet tenants thoroughly to ensure long-term stays.
  2. Reduce Management Costs: If you live nearby, self-managing can save 8-12% of gross income.
  3. Value-Add: Small renovations often allow for significant rent increases that far outweigh the cost of the loan for those improvements.
function calculateRentalCashFlow() { // Get Inputs var propValue = parseFloat(document.getElementById('propValue').value); var downPercent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('downPaymentPercent').value); var interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value) / 100 / 12; var loanTerm = parseFloat(document.getElementById('loanTerm').value) * 12; var grossRent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('grossRent').value); var vacancyRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('vacancyRate').value) / 100; var annualTax = parseFloat(document.getElementById('propertyTax').value); var annualIns = parseFloat(document.getElementById('insurance').value); var managementRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('managementFee').value) / 100; var repairsRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('repairs').value) / 100; // Validations if (isNaN(propValue) || isNaN(grossRent)) { alert("Please enter valid numbers for price and rent."); return; } // Mortgage Calculation var downPayment = propValue * (downPercent / 100); var loanAmount = propValue – downPayment; var monthlyMortgage = 0; if (interestRate > 0) { monthlyMortgage = loanAmount * (interestRate * Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTerm)) / (Math.pow(1 + interestRate, loanTerm) – 1); } else { monthlyMortgage = loanAmount / loanTerm; } // Monthly Income Analysis var vacancyLoss = grossRent * vacancyRate; var effectiveGrossIncome = grossRent – vacancyLoss; // Monthly Operating Expenses var monthlyTaxes = annualTax / 12; var monthlyInsurance = annualIns / 12; var monthlyManagement = grossRent * managementRate; var monthlyRepairs = grossRent * repairsRate; var totalOperatingExpenses = monthlyTaxes + monthlyInsurance + monthlyManagement + monthlyRepairs; var totalMonthlyOutlay = totalOperatingExpenses + monthlyMortgage; // Bottom Line Results var monthlyCashFlow = effectiveGrossIncome – totalMonthlyOutlay; var annualCashFlow = monthlyCashFlow * 12; var cashOnCash = (annualCashFlow / downPayment) * 100; // Cap Rate Calculation (NOI / Purchase Price) var annualNOI = (effectiveGrossIncome – totalOperatingExpenses) * 12; var capRate = (annualNOI / propValue) * 100; // Display Results document.getElementById('resMortgage').innerText = '$' + monthlyMortgage.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resGrossIncome').innerText = '$' + effectiveGrossIncome.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resExpenses').innerText = '$' + totalMonthlyOutlay.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resCashFlow').innerText = '$' + monthlyCashFlow.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 2, maximumFractionDigits: 2}); document.getElementById('resCoC').innerText = cashOnCash.toFixed(2) + '%'; document.getElementById('resCapRate').innerText = capRate.toFixed(2) + '%'; // Styling for negative cash flow if (monthlyCashFlow < 0) { document.getElementById('resCashFlow').style.color = '#e74c3c'; } else { document.getElementById('resCashFlow').style.color = '#27ae60'; } document.getElementById('rentalResult').style.display = 'block'; }

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