Federal Income Tax Calculator
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Federal Income Tax Calculator
Calculate Tax
Estimated Federal Income Tax:
$0.00
Understanding Federal Income Tax Calculation
Federal income tax in the United States is calculated based on your taxable income, filing status, and the tax year. The U.S. employs a progressive tax system, meaning that higher income brackets are taxed at higher rates. The specific tax brackets and rates change annually.
How the Calculation Works:
The calculation involves applying a series of tax brackets to your taxable income. Each bracket has a specific income range and a corresponding tax rate. Your tax liability is determined by summing the tax calculated for each portion of your income that falls into a particular bracket.
Simplified Tax Brackets (Illustrative for 2023 – Single Filer):
10% on income up to $11,000
12% on income between $11,001 and $44,725
22% on income between $44,726 and $95,375
24% on income between $95,376 and $182,100
32% on income between $182,101 and $231,250
35% on income between $231,251 and $578,125
37% on income over $578,125
The calculator above uses the official tax bracket data for the selected tax year and filing status to provide an estimate.
Key Terms:
Taxable Income: This is your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) minus deductions (either the standard deduction or itemized deductions). It's the amount of income on which your tax is actually calculated.Filing Status: Your filing status (e.g., Single, Married Filing Jointly) determines which set of tax brackets and standard deduction amount you use.Tax Year: The IRS publishes tax brackets and rates for each tax year. These can vary significantly from year to year due to inflation adjustments and legislative changes.
Use Cases:
This calculator is useful for:
Estimating your federal income tax liability for a given year.
Understanding the impact of changes in income or filing status on your tax bill.
Budgeting and financial planning.
Comparing potential tax outcomes between different filing statuses (if applicable).
Disclaimer: This calculator provides an estimate for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and subject to change. Consult with a qualified tax professional for personalized advice.
function calculateTax() {
var taxableIncome = parseFloat(document.getElementById("taxableIncome").value);
var filingStatus = document.getElementById("filingStatus").value;
var taxYear = document.getElementById("taxYear").value;
var taxLiability = 0;
if (isNaN(taxableIncome) || taxableIncome < 0) {
document.getElementById("result").innerText = "Invalid Input";
return;
}
var brackets = getTaxBrackets(filingStatus, taxYear);
if (!brackets) {
document.getElementById("result").innerText = "Data Not Available";
return;
}
var incomePortion = taxableIncome;
for (var i = 0; i < brackets.length; i++) {
var bracketMax = brackets[i].max;
var rate = brackets[i].rate;
var bracketMin = brackets[i].min;
if (incomePortion <= 0) {
break;
}
var taxableInBracket;
if (bracketMax === Infinity) {
taxableInBracket = incomePortion;
} else {
taxableInBracket = Math.min(incomePortion, bracketMax – bracketMin);
}
taxLiability += taxableInBracket * rate;
incomePortion -= taxableInBracket;
}
document.getElementById("result").innerText = "$" + taxLiability.toFixed(2);
}
function getTaxBrackets(filingStatus, taxYear) {
var taxData = {
"2023": {
"single": [
{ min: 0, max: 11000, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 11001, max: 44725, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 44726, max: 95375, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 95376, max: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 182101, max: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 231251, max: 578125, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 578126, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_jointly": [
{ min: 0, max: 22000, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 22001, max: 89450, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 89451, max: 190750, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 190751, max: 364200, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 364201, max: 462500, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 462501, max: 693750, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 693751, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_separately": [
{ min: 0, max: 11000, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 11001, max: 44725, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 44726, max: 95375, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 95376, max: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 182101, max: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 231251, max: 289062.5, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 289063, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"head_of_household": [
{ min: 0, max: 15700, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 15701, max: 59850, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 59851, max: 95350, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 95351, max: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 182101, max: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 231251, max: 578125, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 578126, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
]
},
"2022": {
"single": [
{ min: 0, max: 10275, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 10276, max: 41775, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 41776, max: 89075, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 89076, max: 170050, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 170051, max: 215950, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 215951, max: 539900, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 539901, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_jointly": [
{ min: 0, max: 20550, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 20551, max: 83550, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 83551, max: 178150, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 178151, max: 340100, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 340101, max: 431900, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 431901, max: 647850, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 647851, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_separately": [
{ min: 0, max: 10275, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 10276, max: 41775, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 41776, max: 89075, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 89076, max: 170050, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 170051, max: 215950, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 215951, max: 323925, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 323926, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"head_of_household": [
{ min: 0, max: 14650, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 14651, max: 55900, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 55901, max: 89050, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 89051, max: 170050, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 170051, max: 215950, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 215951, max: 539900, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 539901, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
]
},
"2021": {
"single": [
{ min: 0, max: 9950, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 9951, max: 40525, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 40526, max: 86375, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 86376, max: 164925, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 164926, max: 209425, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 209426, max: 523600, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 523601, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_jointly": [
{ min: 0, max: 19900, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 19901, max: 81050, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 81051, max: 172750, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 172751, max: 329850, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 329851, max: 418850, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 418851, max: 628300, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 628301, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"married_filing_separately": [
{ min: 0, max: 9950, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 9951, max: 40525, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 40526, max: 86375, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 86376, max: 164925, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 164926, max: 209425, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 209426, max: 314150, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 314151, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
"head_of_household": [
{ min: 0, max: 14200, rate: 0.10 },
{ min: 14201, max: 54600, rate: 0.12 },
{ min: 54601, max: 87550, rate: 0.22 },
{ min: 87551, max: 164900, rate: 0.24 },
{ min: 164901, max: 209400, rate: 0.32 },
{ min: 209401, max: 523600, rate: 0.35 },
{ min: 523601, max: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
]
}
};
if (taxData[taxYear] && taxData[taxYear][filingStatus]) {
return taxData[taxYear][filingStatus];
} else {
return null;
}
}