No (Normotensive)
Yes (Hypertensive)
Select 'Yes' if Blood Pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication.
Enter value (must use same units as hip).
Enter value (must use same units as waist).
Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate
function calculateEGDR() {
// 1. Get input values
var hba1cInput = document.getElementById('hba1c').value;
var htnInput = document.getElementById('hypertension').value;
var waistInput = document.getElementById('waist').value;
var hipInput = document.getElementById('hip').value;
// 2. Validate inputs
if (hba1cInput === "" || waistInput === "" || hipInput === "") {
alert("Please fill in all fields (HbA1c, Waist, and Hip).");
return;
}
var hba1c = parseFloat(hba1cInput);
var htn = parseInt(htnInput);
var waist = parseFloat(waistInput);
var hip = parseFloat(hipInput);
if (waist <= 0 || hip <= 0 || hba1c <= 0) {
alert("Please enter valid positive numbers.");
return;
}
// 3. Calculate Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR)
var whr = waist / hip;
// 4. Calculate eGDR
// Formula: eGDR = 24.31 – (12.22 * WHR) – (3.29 * HTN) – (0.57 * HbA1c)
// Source: Williams KV et al. Diabetes. 2000.
var egdr = 24.31 – (12.22 * whr) – (3.29 * htn) – (0.57 * hba1c);
// 5. Display Result
var resultContainer = document.getElementById('result-container');
var egdrDisplay = document.getElementById('egdrResult');
var whrDisplay = document.getElementById('whrDisplay');
var interpretationDiv = document.getElementById('interpretation');
resultContainer.style.display = "block";
egdrDisplay.innerHTML = egdr.toFixed(2) + " mg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹";
whrDisplay.innerText = "Calculated Waist-to-Hip Ratio: " + whr.toFixed(2);
// 6. Interpret Results
// Note: Cutoffs vary in literature, but generally < 6 indicates resistance, = 8) {
message = "High (Insulin Sensitive). Indicates good metabolic health.";
color = "#28a745"; // Green
} else if (egdr >= 6 && egdr = 4 && egdr < 6) {
message = "Low (Insulin Resistant). Associated with increased risk of microvascular complications.";
color = "#fd7e14"; // Orange
} else {
message = "Very Low (Significant Insulin Resistance). High risk marker.";
color = "#dc3545"; // Red
}
interpretationDiv.innerHTML = "Status: " + message;
interpretationDiv.style.borderLeft = "5px solid " + color;
}
About the Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR)
The Estimated Glucose Disposal Rate (eGDR) is a clinically derived score used primarily to assess insulin resistance in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Unlike Type 2 diabetes, where insulin resistance is a defining characteristic, Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin deficiency. However, patients with T1D can also develop insulin resistance, a condition often termed "double diabetes," which significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and microvascular complications.
The gold standard for measuring insulin resistance is the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, but this procedure is invasive, expensive, and time-consuming. The eGDR calculator provides a validated, non-invasive alternative using routine clinical measurements.
How is eGDR Calculated?
This calculator uses the formula derived by Williams et al. (2000), which is one of the most widely accepted methods for estimating glucose disposal in clinical settings. The formula is:
WHR (Waist-to-Hip Ratio): A marker of abdominal obesity.
HTN (Hypertension): A binary value (1 if present, 0 if absent). Hypertension is defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or the use of antihypertensive medication.
HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin, representing average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months.
Interpreting Your Score
The unit of measurement for eGDR is milligrams of glucose per kilogram of body weight per minute (mg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹). Generally, a lower score indicates higher insulin resistance, while a higher score indicates better insulin sensitivity.
eGDR Range
Interpretation
Clinical Implication
> 8
High Sensitivity
Lower risk of metabolic complications.
6 – 8
Moderate
Average risk profile.
4 – 6
Insulin Resistant
Increased risk of nephropathy and retinopathy.
< 4
Severe Resistance
Strongly associated with macrovascular and microvascular disease.
Why Does eGDR Matter?
Research indicates that eGDR is a powerful predictor of complications in Type 1 Diabetes. A lower eGDR is strongly associated with the development of:
Diabetic Nephropathy: Kidney disease leading to protein in the urine and reduced kidney function.
Diabetic Retinopathy: Damage to the blood vessels in the eye.
Cardiovascular Disease: Including coronary artery disease and stroke.
Improving eGDR typically involves lifestyle interventions similar to those used in Type 2 diabetes, such as weight management (specifically reducing abdominal fat), regular physical activity, and optimizing glycemic control (lowering HbA1c).
Disclaimer: This tool is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with your healthcare provider regarding your diabetes management plan.