.gir-calculator-wrapper {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 20px;
background: #f9fbfd;
border: 1px solid #e1e4e8;
border-radius: 8px;
}
.gir-calc-box {
background: #ffffff;
padding: 30px;
border-radius: 8px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
margin-bottom: 40px;
border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
}
.gir-input-group {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.gir-input-group label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 8px;
font-weight: 600;
color: #374151;
}
.gir-input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 16px;
box-sizing: border-box;
transition: border-color 0.2s;
}
.gir-input-group input:focus {
border-color: #3b82f6;
outline: none;
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
}
.gir-btn {
width: 100%;
padding: 14px;
background-color: #0ea5e9;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 16px;
font-weight: 600;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.2s;
}
.gir-btn:hover {
background-color: #0284c7;
}
.gir-result {
margin-top: 25px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #f0f9ff;
border: 1px solid #bae6fd;
border-radius: 6px;
text-align: center;
display: none;
}
.gir-result-value {
font-size: 32px;
font-weight: 700;
color: #0369a1;
margin: 10px 0;
}
.gir-result-label {
font-size: 14px;
color: #64748b;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 1px;
}
.gir-article {
line-height: 1.6;
color: #333;
}
.gir-article h2 {
color: #0f172a;
margin-top: 30px;
}
.gir-article h3 {
color: #334155;
margin-top: 25px;
}
.gir-formula-box {
background: #f1f5f9;
padding: 15px;
border-left: 4px solid #0ea5e9;
font-family: "Courier New", monospace;
margin: 20px 0;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.info-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
margin-top: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.info-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
About Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR)
The Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR) describes the amount of glucose a patient receives per minute relative to their body weight. It is a critical metric in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and pediatric medicine for managing blood sugar levels, particularly in premature infants, neonates, and patients requiring Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN).
The GIR Calculation Formula
To calculate the glucose infusion rate, you need the rate of fluid administration, the concentration of dextrose in the fluid, and the patient's weight. The formula determines how many milligrams of glucose are delivered per kilogram of body weight every minute.
GIR (mg/kg/min) = [Rate (mL/hr) × Dextrose Conc (%) × 10] / [Weight (kg) × 60]
Alternatively, the formula can be simplified mathematically to:
GIR = (Rate × Dextrose %) / (Weight × 6)
Variable Definitions
- IV Fluid Rate (mL/hr): The speed at which the intravenous fluid is being infused.
- Dextrose Concentration (%): The percentage of glucose in the solution (e.g., D10 is 10%, D5 is 5%, D12.5 is 12.5%).
- Patient Weight (kg): The current weight of the patient in kilograms.
- Constant (10): Converts grams/100mL to mg/mL.
- Constant (60): Converts hours to minutes.
Normal Ranges and Clinical Relevance
Maintaining an appropriate GIR is vital to prevent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). While clinical needs vary based on the specific condition of the patient:
- Typical Starting GIR: Usually between 4 to 6 mg/kg/min for term neonates.
- Preterm Infants: May require higher rates depending on metabolic demands.
- Maximum Rates: Generally, the liver can process up to 12-14 mg/kg/min before lipogenesis (fat storage) occurs, though specific therapies may require different targets.
Calculation Example
Consider a neonate weighing 3.0 kg receiving D10W (10% Dextrose) at a rate of 9 mL/hr.
Using the formula:
- Numerator: 9 mL/hr × 10% × 10 = 900
- Denominator: 3.0 kg × 60 mins = 180
- Result: 900 / 180 = 5.0 mg/kg/min
This result indicates the infant is receiving 5 mg of glucose for every kg of body weight per minute.
function calculateGIR() {
// Get input values
var rateStr = document.getElementById('ivRate').value;
var concStr = document.getElementById('dextroseConc').value;
var weightStr = document.getElementById('patientWeight').value;
// Convert to floats
var rate = parseFloat(rateStr);
var conc = parseFloat(concStr);
var weight = parseFloat(weightStr);
// Validation
if (isNaN(rate) || isNaN(conc) || isNaN(weight) || weight <= 0) {
alert("Please enter valid positive numbers for all fields. Weight must be greater than zero.");
return;
}
// Calculation Logic
// Formula: (Rate * Concentration * 10) / (Weight * 60)
// Simplified: (Rate * Concentration) / (Weight * 6)
var numerator = rate * conc * 10;
var denominator = weight * 60;
var girResult = numerator / denominator;
// Display Result
var resultContainer = document.getElementById('resultContainer');
var resultValue = document.getElementById('girValue');
resultValue.innerText = girResult.toFixed(2);
resultContainer.style.display = 'block';
}