Accurately determine the weight of hollow tubes for your projects.
Tube Weight Calculator
Enter the outer diameter of the tube.
Enter the inner diameter of the tube.
Enter the length of the tube.
Density in g/cm³ (e.g., steel ~7.85, aluminum ~2.70).
Metric (mm, g, kg)
Imperial (in, lb)
Select the desired units for calculation and output.
Estimated Tube Weight
——
Volume: —
Wall Thickness: —
Weight per Meter/Foot: —
Formula Used: Weight = (Volume of Material) * (Material Density)
Volume of Material = (Area of Annulus) * Length
Area of Annulus = π * ( (Outer Radius)² – (Inner Radius)² )
Hollow Tube Weight Data
Weight (kg/m)
Weight (lbs/ft)
Parameter
Value (Metric)
Value (Imperial)
Outer Diameter (OD)
—
—
Inner Diameter (ID)
—
—
Length
—
—
Wall Thickness
—
—
Material Density
—
—
Calculated Volume
—
—
Total Weight
—
—
Detailed breakdown of calculated hollow tube weight parameters.
What is Hollow Tube Weight Calculation?
The hollow tube weight calculation is a fundamental process used to determine the mass of a tubular structure with a void in its center. Unlike solid rods or bars, hollow tubes possess a specific internal and external diameter, leading to a unique volume of material. Accurately calculating this weight is crucial for various industries, including manufacturing, construction, engineering, and logistics. This process helps in material estimation, cost analysis, structural integrity assessment, and transportation planning.
Who Should Use It:
Engineers designing structures, piping systems, or mechanical components.
Manufacturers estimating raw material needs and production costs.
Procurement specialists sourcing steel, aluminum, or other metal tubes.
Logistics managers calculating shipping weights and capacities.
DIY enthusiasts undertaking projects involving metal tubing.
Students learning about material science and engineering principles.
Common Misconceptions:
A common mistake is assuming the weight can be calculated based on a solid cylinder of the outer diameter. This overestimates the weight significantly. Another misconception is neglecting the effect of material density variations or unit conversions, which can lead to substantial errors in the final weight. Failing to account for wall thickness accurately is also a frequent oversight in rudimentary calculations. The hollow tube weight calculator is designed to mitigate these issues.
Hollow Tube Weight Formula and Mathematical Explanation
The core principle behind calculating the weight of a hollow tube is to determine the volume of the material present and then multiply it by the material's density. The volume of material in a hollow tube is the volume of the outer cylinder minus the volume of the inner (hollow) cylinder.
The volume of a cylinder is given by the formula: Volume = π * (radius)² * Length.
For a hollow tube, we consider the cross-sectional area of the material (an annulus) and multiply it by the length.
Step-by-Step Derivation:
Calculate Radii: Convert diameters to radii by dividing by 2.
Outer Radius (ro) = Outer Diameter (OD) / 2
Inner Radius (ri) = Inner Diameter (ID) / 2
Calculate Area of Annulus (A): This is the cross-sectional area of the material.
A = π * (ro² – ri²)
Calculate Volume (V): Multiply the annular area by the tube's length (L). Ensure consistent units.
V = A * L
Calculate Weight (W): Multiply the volume by the material's density (ρ).
W = V * ρ
Variables Explained:
Let's break down the components of the hollow tube weight calculation:
Square Millimeters (mm²) or Square Centimeters (cm²)
Square Inches (in²)
Varies greatly based on OD, ID, and units.
V
Volume of Material
Cubic Centimeters (cm³) or Cubic Meters (m³)
Cubic Inches (in³) or Cubic Feet (ft³)
Varies greatly based on dimensions and units.
W
Total Weight
Kilograms (kg) or Grams (g)
Pounds (lb)
Varies greatly based on dimensions, material, and units.
Key variables and their typical ranges for hollow tube weight calculation.
The calculator handles unit conversions internally to provide results in either metric or imperial units, based on your selection. For example, if you input dimensions in mm and select metric, the intermediate calculations for volume might use cm³ before converting the final weight to kg. This ensures accuracy regardless of the input unit system, as long as density is provided in compatible units (g/cm³ for metric, lb/in³ for imperial). A careful understanding of tube dimensions is paramount.
Practical Examples (Real-World Use Cases)
Example 1: Steel Support Column
An engineer is designing a structural support column using a standard steel tube. They need to estimate its weight for handling and installation.
Tube Type: Circular Steel Tube
Outer Diameter (OD): 114.3 mm
Inner Diameter (ID): 101.6 mm
Length: 3.0 meters
Material Density (Steel): 7.85 g/cm³
Units: Metric
Calculation using the calculator:
– Outer Radius = 114.3 mm / 2 = 57.15 mm
– Inner Radius = 101.6 mm / 2 = 50.8 mm
– Area = π * (57.15² – 50.8²) mm² ≈ 2584 mm²
– Convert Area to cm²: 2584 mm² / 100 = 25.84 cm²
– Convert Length to cm: 3.0 m * 100 = 300 cm
– Volume = 25.84 cm² * 300 cm = 7752 cm³
– Weight = 7752 cm³ * 7.85 g/cm³ ≈ 60853 grams
– Convert Weight to kg: 60853 g / 1000 = 60.85 kg
Calculator Output:
– Result: 60.85 kg
– Volume: 7752 cm³
– Wall Thickness: 6.25 mm
– Weight per Meter: 20.28 kg/m
Interpretation: This steel tube weighs approximately 60.85 kilograms. This information is vital for selecting appropriate lifting equipment and ensuring the structural load calculations are correct. This demonstrates the practical application of a steel tube weight calculator.
Example 2: Aluminum Frame Component
A manufacturer is building custom aluminum frames for display units and needs to calculate the weight of a specific tube section for shipping cost estimation.
Tube Type: Circular Aluminum Tube
Outer Diameter (OD): 2.0 inches
Inner Diameter (ID): 1.75 inches
Length: 8.0 feet
Material Density (Aluminum): 0.098 lb/in³
Units: Imperial
Calculation using the calculator:
– Outer Radius = 2.0 in / 2 = 1.0 in
– Inner Radius = 1.75 in / 2 = 0.875 in
– Area = π * (1.0² – 0.875²) in² ≈ 0.776 in²
– Convert Length to inches: 8.0 ft * 12 in/ft = 96 inches
– Volume = 0.776 in² * 96 in ≈ 74.50 in³
– Weight = 74.50 in³ * 0.098 lb/in³ ≈ 7.30 lbs
Interpretation: Each 8-foot section of this aluminum tubing weighs approximately 7.30 pounds. This allows for accurate per-unit shipping cost calculation and ensures the overall weight of the final display frame remains within specified limits. This highlights the need for precise aluminum tube weight calculation.
How to Use This Hollow Tube Weight Calculator
Our Hollow Tube Weight Calculator is designed for simplicity and accuracy. Follow these steps to get your weight estimations quickly:
Input Dimensions:
Enter the Outer Diameter (OD) of the tube.
Enter the Inner Diameter (ID) of the tube.
Input the total Length of the tube.
Provide the Material Density. Use standard values like 7.85 g/cm³ for steel or 2.70 g/cm³ for aluminum.
Select Units: Choose whether you want calculations and results in Metric (millimeters, grams, kilograms) or Imperial (inches, pounds). Ensure your density value matches the chosen unit system (g/cm³ for metric, lb/in³ for imperial).
Calculate: Click the "Calculate Weight" button. The calculator will perform the necessary computations.
Reading the Results:
The calculator provides several key outputs:
Estimated Tube Weight (Primary Result): The total weight of the specified tube section in your chosen units (e.g., kg or lbs).
Volume of Material: The total cubic space occupied by the tube's material.
Wall Thickness: The thickness of the material forming the tube wall.
Weight per Unit Length: The weight of the tube per meter (if metric) or per foot (if imperial).
The Table below the chart offers a more detailed breakdown, including conversions between metric and imperial units for each input parameter and the final result. The Chart provides a visual representation of weight per unit length, which can be useful for comparing material efficiency.
Decision-Making Guidance:
Use the calculated weight for:
Material Procurement: Accurately order the required amount of tubing.
Logistics & Shipping: Estimate shipping costs and plan transportation.
Structural Analysis: Incorporate the weight into load-bearing calculations.
Cost Estimation: Factor material weight into project budgets.
The "Copy Results" button is useful for pasting the key figures directly into reports or other documents. Remember to double-check your inputs, as even small errors can affect the final tube weight calculation.
Key Factors That Affect Hollow Tube Weight Results
Several critical factors influence the calculated weight of a hollow tube. Understanding these elements ensures the accuracy and relevance of your estimations.
Outer Diameter (OD): A larger OD directly increases the potential volume of material, leading to a heavier tube, assuming other factors remain constant. This is a primary driver of weight.
Inner Diameter (ID) / Wall Thickness: The difference between the OD and ID determines the wall thickness. A smaller ID (thicker wall) means more material and thus greater weight. Conversely, a larger ID (thinner wall) reduces the material volume and weight. Accurate measurement or specification of ID is vital.
Length of the Tube: Weight is directly proportional to length. A longer tube will weigh more than a shorter tube of the same cross-section. Ensure the length entered corresponds precisely to the section you are calculating.
Material Density (ρ): This is arguably the most critical factor after dimensions. Different materials have vastly different densities. For instance, a steel tube will be significantly heavier than an aluminum tube of the exact same dimensions because steel's density (~7.85 g/cm³) is much higher than aluminum's (~2.70 g/cm³). Choosing the correct density for the specific alloy is crucial.
Unit System Consistency: Inconsistent units are a common source of error. If dimensions are in millimeters but density is in kg/m³, the calculation will be incorrect unless conversions are handled properly. Our calculator aims to simplify this by allowing you to select your preferred units, but it's essential to ensure density input matches the selected system. A proper material density guide is helpful.
Tolerances and Manufacturing Variations: Real-world tubes have manufacturing tolerances for diameter and wall thickness. While the calculator uses exact inputs, actual weights might vary slightly due to these permissible deviations. For critical applications, consider the upper and lower bounds based on tolerance specifications.
Hole Shape and Form Factor: While this calculator focuses on circular hollow tubes, other shapes (square, rectangular, oval) have different volume calculations. This calculator is specifically for round tubes. Irregularities or non-uniform wall thickness also affect the precise weight.
Temperature Effects: Although usually negligible for weight calculations in engineering contexts, extreme temperature fluctuations can cause slight expansion or contraction in materials, minimally affecting density and volume. This is typically not a factor considered in standard hollow tube weight calculations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the most common material density for steel tubes?
For carbon steel, a widely used density is approximately 7.85 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), which is equivalent to about 490 pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft³). Stainless steel densities are similar.
Does the calculator handle different shapes of hollow tubes (e.g., square, rectangular)?
No, this specific calculator is designed exclusively for circular hollow tubes. Calculating the weight for square or rectangular tubes involves different geometric formulas based on their cross-sectional shapes.
What if I only know the wall thickness and not the inner diameter?
If you know the OD and wall thickness (WT), you can calculate the ID: ID = OD – 2 * WT. Then you can input these values into the calculator.
How accurate are the results?
The accuracy depends entirely on the precision of your input values (OD, ID, Length, Density) and the chosen material's actual density. The formula itself is mathematically exact for ideal geometric shapes. Manufacturing tolerances can introduce minor real-world variations.
Can I use this calculator for non-metallic tubes?
The calculator works for any material where you can provide the correct density. However, ensure you use the density in the appropriate units (g/cm³ or lb/in³). For example, PVC or plastic tubes would require their specific densities.
What is the difference between weight and mass?
Technically, this calculator determines the mass of the tube. In common usage, "weight" is often used interchangeably with mass, especially when using units like kilograms or pounds. Gravitational acceleration affects true weight, but for comparative purposes and material estimation, mass is what's typically calculated.
Why is weight per meter/foot important?
Weight per unit length is a crucial metric for comparing the material efficiency of different tubes or for estimating the weight of varying lengths quickly. It standardizes the comparison regardless of the total project length.
What should I do if I get an error message?
Error messages usually indicate invalid input. Check if you've entered non-numeric values, left fields blank, or entered negative numbers where they aren't applicable (like dimensions). Ensure OD is greater than ID.
How does the calculator handle imperial units?
When 'Imperial' is selected, the calculator expects inputs in inches and feet. It will convert these internally as needed and provide the final weight in pounds (lbs). Density should be entered in lb/in³.
Related Tools and Internal Resources
Metal Thickness CalculatorA tool to help determine the thickness of metal sheets or pipes, useful for complementing tube dimension data.
Material Density ChartReference guide with densities for various common metals and alloys to ensure accurate input for weight calculations.
Pipe Flow Rate CalculatorEssential for engineers and plumbers, this calculator helps determine fluid flow characteristics within pipes.
Structural Beam Weight CalculatorSimilar to tube weight, this tool calculates the weight of common structural beams like I-beams and channels.
Metric to Imperial Conversion ToolQuickly convert measurements between metric and imperial units, useful when dealing with mixed data sources.
Steel Properties DatabaseComprehensive information on various steel grades, including mechanical properties, chemical compositions, and densities.
function getElement(id) {
return document.getElementById(id);
}
function validateInput(value, id, min, max, name) {
var errorElement = getElement(id + "Error");
if (value === "") {
errorElement.textContent = name + " cannot be empty.";
return false;
}
var numValue = parseFloat(value);
if (isNaN(numValue)) {
errorElement.textContent = "Please enter a valid number for " + name + ".";
return false;
}
if (numValue max) {
errorElement.textContent = name + " cannot exceed " + max + ".";
return false;
}
errorElement.textContent = "";
return numValue;
}
function validateDensity(value, id, name) {
var errorElement = getElement(id + "Error");
if (value === "") {
errorElement.textContent = name + " cannot be empty.";
return false;
}
var numValue = parseFloat(value);
if (isNaN(numValue)) {
errorElement.textContent = "Please enter a valid number for " + name + ".";
return false;
}
if (numValue = odMm) {
getElement("innerDiameterError").textContent = "Inner Diameter must be less than Outer Diameter.";
return;
}
var resultElement = getElement("result");
var resultUnitElement = getElement("result-unit");
var volumeResultElement = getElement("volumeResult");
var wallThicknessResultElement = getElement("wallThicknessResult");
var weightPerUnitLengthResultElement = getElement("weightPerUnitLengthResult");
var calculatedWeight = 0;
var calculatedVolume = 0;
var wallThickness = 0;
var weightPerUnitLength = 0;
var finalWeightUnit = "";
var volumeUnit = "";
var lengthUnit = "";
var densityUnit = "";
if (units === "metric") {
var od = odMm; // mm
var id = idMm; // mm
var length = lengthMm; // Assuming user enters length in meters if metric is selected
var densityVal = density; // g/cm³
// Convert length to cm for volume calculation
var lengthCm = length * 100;
// Convert diameters to cm for volume calculation
var odCm = od / 10;
var idCm = id / 10;
var outerRadiusCm = odCm / 2;
var innerRadiusCm = idCm / 2;
var areaCm2 = Math.PI * (Math.pow(outerRadiusCm, 2) – Math.pow(innerRadiusCm, 2));
calculatedVolume = areaCm2 * lengthCm; // cm³
calculatedWeight = calculatedVolume * densityVal; // g
wallThickness = (od – id) / 2; // mm
// Weight per meter
var lengthM = length; // already in meters
var volumePerMeterCm3 = areaCm2 * 100; // cm³/m
weightPerUnitLength = volumePerMeterCm3 * densityVal / 1000; // kg/m
finalWeightUnit = "kg";
volumeUnit = "cm³";
lengthUnit = "m";
densityUnit = "g/cm³";
} else { // Imperial units
var odIn = odMm; // Assuming user enters OD in inches if imperial is selected
var idIn = idMm; // Assuming user enters ID in inches if imperial is selected
var lengthFt = lengthMm; // Assuming user enters length in feet if imperial is selected
// Convert density to lb/in³ if needed (common input is g/cm³)
// 1 g/cm³ = 0.036127 lb/in³
var densityVal = density;
if (densityUnit.includes("g/cm")) { // If density was input in metric
densityVal = density * 0.036127; // Convert to lb/in³
}
densityUnit = "lb/in³"; // Update unit label
var outerRadiusIn = odIn / 2;
var innerRadiusIn = idIn / 2;
var areaIn2 = Math.PI * (Math.pow(outerRadiusIn, 2) – Math.pow(innerRadiusIn, 2));
// Convert length to inches for volume calculation
var lengthIn = lengthFt * 12;
calculatedVolume = areaIn2 * lengthIn; // in³
calculatedWeight = calculatedVolume * densityVal; // lb
wallThickness = (odIn – idIn) / 2; // inches
// Weight per foot
var lengthFtActual = lengthFt; // already in feet
var volumePerFootIn3 = areaIn2 * 12; // in³/ft
weightPerUnitLength = volumePerFootIn3 * densityVal; // lb/ft
finalWeightUnit = "lbs";
volumeUnit = "in³";
lengthUnit = "ft";
}
// Rounding for display
calculatedWeight = parseFloat(calculatedWeight.toFixed(2));
calculatedVolume = parseFloat(calculatedVolume.toFixed(2));
wallThickness = parseFloat(wallThickness.toFixed(3));
weightPerUnitLength = parseFloat(weightPerUnitLength.toFixed(2));
resultElement.textContent = calculatedWeight;
resultUnitElement.textContent = finalWeightUnit;
volumeResultElement.textContent = "Volume: " + calculatedVolume + " " + volumeUnit;
wallThicknessResultElement.textContent = "Wall Thickness: " + wallThickness + " " + (units === "metric" ? "mm" : "in");
weightPerUnitLengthResultElement.textContent = "Weight per " + (units === "metric" ? "Meter" : "Foot") + ": " + weightPerUnitLength + " / " + (units === "metric" ? "kg" : "lbs");
updateTableAndChart(odMm, idMm, lengthMm, density, units, calculatedWeight, calculatedVolume, wallThickness, weightPerUnitLength, finalWeightUnit, volumeUnit, lengthUnit, densityUnit);
}
function updateTableAndChart(odMm, idMm, lengthMm, density, units, totalWeight, volume, wallThickness, weightPerUnitLength, finalWeightUnit, volumeUnit, lengthUnit, densityInputUnit) {
// Update Table
var tableODMetric = getElement("tableODMetric");
var tableIDMetric = getElement("tableIDMetric");
var tableLengthMetric = getElement("tableLengthMetric");
var tableDensityMetric = getElement("tableDensityMetric");
var tableVolumeMetric = getElement("tableVolumeMetric");
var tableWeightMetric = getElement("tableWeightMetric");
var tableODImperial = getElement("tableODImperial");
var tableIDImperial = getElement("tableIDImperial");
var tableLengthImperial = getElement("tableLengthImperial");
var tableDensityImperial = getElement("tableDensityImperial");
var tableVolumeImperial = getElement("tableVolumeImperial");
var tableWeightImperial = getElement("tableWeightImperial");
var tableWallMetric = getElement("tableWallMetric");
var tableWallImperial = getElement("tableWallImperial");
// Metric values display
tableODMetric.textContent = odMm + " mm";
tableIDMetric.textContent = idMm + " mm";
tableLengthMetric.textContent = lengthMm + " " + (units === "metric" ? "m" : "ft"); // Adjust based on user selection for length input
tableDensityMetric.textContent = density + " " + (units === "metric" ? "g/cm³" : "lb/in³");
tableVolumeMetric.textContent = volume + " " + volumeUnit;
tableWeightMetric.textContent = totalWeight + " " + finalWeightUnit;
tableWallMetric.textContent = wallThickness + " " + (units === "metric" ? "mm" : "in");
// Imperial values conversion and display
var odIn = odMm / 25.4;
var idIn = idMm / 25.4;
var lengthIn = (units === "metric" ? lengthMm * 3.28084 : lengthMm); // Convert meters to feet if metric was input
var wallThicknessIn = wallThickness / 25.4;
var densityImperial = density;
var densityUnitImperial = units === "metric" ? "g/cm³" : "lb/in³";
if(units === "metric") { // Convert metric density input to imperial
densityImperial = density * 0.036127; // g/cm³ to lb/in³
densityUnitImperial = "lb/in³";
} else { // Already imperial input, but ensure units are correct
densityImperial = density;
densityUnitImperial = "lb/in³";
}
var volumeImperial = 0;
var totalWeightImperial = 0;
var weightPerUnitLengthImperial = 0;
if (units === "metric") { // Calculate imperial equivalents from metric inputs
var outerRadiusIn = odIn / 2;
var innerRadiusIn = idIn / 2;
var areaIn2 = Math.PI * (Math.pow(outerRadiusIn, 2) – Math.pow(innerRadiusIn, 2));
var lengthInTotal = lengthMm * 3.28084 * 12; // m -> ft -> in
volumeImperial = areaIn2 * lengthInTotal; // in³
totalWeightImperial = volumeImperial * densityImperial; // lbs
weightPerUnitLengthImperial = (areaIn2 * 12) * densityImperial; // lb/ft
} else { // Already imperial inputs, calculate imperial equivalents
var outerRadiusIn = odIn / 2;
var innerRadiusIn = idIn / 2;
var areaIn2 = Math.PI * (Math.pow(outerRadiusIn, 2) – Math.pow(innerRadiusIn, 2));
var lengthInTotal = lengthMm * 12; // ft -> in
volumeImperial = areaIn2 * lengthInTotal; // in³
totalWeightImperial = volumeImperial * densityImperial; // lbs
weightPerUnitLengthImperial = (areaIn2 * 12) * densityImperial; // lb/ft
}
tableODImperial.textContent = odIn.toFixed(3) + " in";
tableIDImperial.textContent = idIn.toFixed(3) + " in";
tableLengthImperial.textContent = lengthIn.toFixed(2) + " ft";
tableDensityImperial.textContent = densityImperial.toFixed(3) + " " + densityUnitImperial;
tableVolumeImperial.textContent = volumeImperial.toFixed(2) + " in³";
tableWeightImperial.textContent = totalWeightImperial.toFixed(2) + " lbs";
tableWallImperial.textContent = wallThicknessIn.toFixed(3) + " in";
// Update Chart Data (Weight per Meter / Foot)
updateChart(weightPerUnitLength, weightPerUnitLengthImperial, units);
}
function updateChart(metricWpm, imperialWpft, currentUnits) {
var ctx = getElement('weightChart').getContext('2d');
// Clear previous chart instance if it exists
if (window.myWeightChart instanceof Chart) {
window.myWeightChart.destroy();
}
var dataSeries1 = [];
var dataSeries2 = [];
var labels = [];
var maxVal = 0;
var step = 1;
if (currentUnits === "metric") {
labels = ["0m", "1m", "2m", "3m", "4m", "5m"];
for (var i = 0; i < labels.length; i++) {
dataSeries1.push(metricWpm);
dataSeries2.push(imperialWpft);
maxVal = Math.max(maxVal, metricWpm, imperialWpft);
}
step = metricWpm; // Base step on selected units
} else {
labels = ["0ft", "1ft", "2ft", "3ft", "4ft", "5ft"];
for (var i = 0; i < labels.length; i++) {
dataSeries1.push(metricWpm); // Display metric WPM in imperial chart for comparison – adjust labels/units accordingly if needed
dataSeries2.push(imperialWpft);
maxVal = Math.max(maxVal, metricWpm, imperialWpft);
}
step = imperialWpft; // Base step on selected units
}
// Ensure y-axis starts from 0 and has reasonable increments
var yMax = maxVal * 1.2;
var yStep = Math.max(1, Math.round(yMax / 5)); // Aim for 5-6 grid lines
window.myWeightChart = new Chart(ctx, {
type: 'line',
data: {
labels: labels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Weight per Meter (kg/m)',
data: dataSeries1,
borderColor: 'var(–primary-color)',
backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 74, 153, 0.1)',
fill: false,
tension: 0.1
}, {
label: 'Weight per Foot (lbs/ft)',
data: dataSeries2,
borderColor: 'var(–secondary-color)',
backgroundColor: 'rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.1)',
fill: false,
tension: 0.1
}]
},
options: {
responsive: true,
maintainAspectRatio: true, // Allow aspect ratio to be controlled by canvas size
scales: {
y: {
beginAtZero: true,
suggestedMax: yMax,
ticks: {
stepSize: yStep,
callback: function(value, index, values) {
// Format ticks for better readability if needed
if (value % 1 === 0) { // If it's a whole number
return value;
} else {
return parseFloat(value.toFixed(2)); // Show 2 decimal places for non-integers
}
}
}
},
x: {
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Length Unit'
}
}
},
plugins: {
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Weight Distribution Along Length'
},
legend: {
display: false // Use custom legend below canvas
}
}
}
});
}
function copyResults() {
var result = getElement("result").textContent;
var resultUnit = getElement("result-unit").textContent;
var volume = getElement("volumeResult").textContent;
var wallThickness = getElement("wallThicknessResult").textContent;
var weightPerUnitLength = getElement("weightPerUnitLengthResult").textContent;
var odInput = getElement("outerDiameter").value;
var idInput = getElement("innerDiameter").value;
var lengthInput = getElement("length").value;
var densityInput = getElement("materialDensity").value;
var units = getElement("units").value;
var copyText = "— Hollow Tube Weight Calculation Results —\n\n";
copyText += "Total Weight: " + result + " " + resultUnit + "\n";
copyText += volume + "\n";
copyText += wallThickness + "\n";
copyText += weightPerUnitLength + "\n\n";
copyText += "— Inputs —\n";
copyText += "Outer Diameter: " + odInput + " " + (units === "metric" ? "mm" : "in") + "\n";
copyText += "Inner Diameter: " + idInput + " " + (units === "metric" ? "mm" : "in") + "\n";
copyText += "Length: " + lengthInput + " " + (units === "metric" ? "m" : "ft") + "\n";
copyText += "Material Density: " + densityInput + " " + (units === "metric" ? "g/cm³" : "lb/in³") + "\n";
copyText += "Units: " + (units === "metric" ? "Metric" : "Imperial") + "\n";
// Use a temporary textarea to copy to clipboard
var textArea = document.createElement("textarea");
textArea.value = copyText;
textArea.style.position = "fixed";
textArea.style.opacity = 0;
document.body.appendChild(textArea);
textArea.focus();
textArea.select();
try {
var successful = document.execCommand('copy');
var msg = successful ? 'Results copied to clipboard!' : 'Failed to copy results.';
// Optionally show a temporary message to the user
console.log(msg);
// Example: Add a temporary success message below the button
var copyButton = document.querySelector('button.btn-secondary[onclick="copyResults()"]');
var tempMessage = document.createElement('span');
tempMessage.textContent = msg;
tempMessage.style.marginLeft = '10px';
tempMessage.style.color = successful ? 'green' : 'red';
copyButton.parentNode.appendChild(tempMessage);
setTimeout(function(){ tempMessage.remove(); }, 3000);
} catch (err) {
console.error('Fallback: Oops, unable to copy', err);
// Example: Add a temporary error message
var copyButton = document.querySelector('button.btn-secondary[onclick="copyResults()"]');
var tempMessage = document.createElement('span');
tempMessage.textContent = 'Copy failed!';
tempMessage.style.marginLeft = '10px';
tempMessage.style.color = 'red';
copyButton.parentNode.appendChild(tempMessage);
setTimeout(function(){ tempMessage.remove(); }, 3000);
}
document.body.removeChild(textArea);
}
function resetCalculator() {
getElement("outerDiameter").value = "50";
getElement("innerDiameter").value = "40";
getElement("length").value = "1000"; // Assuming mm for OD/ID, so length in mm or m if metric
getElement("materialDensity").value = "7.85"; // Default to steel density
getElement("units").value = "metric";
// Clear errors
getElement("outerDiameterError").textContent = "";
getElement("innerDiameterError").textContent = "";
getElement("lengthError").textContent = "";
getElement("materialDensityError").textContent = "";
// Reset results display
getElement("result").textContent = "–";
getElement("result-unit").textContent = "–";
getElement("volumeResult").textContent = "Volume: –";
getElement("wallThicknessResult").textContent = "Wall Thickness: –";
getElement("weightPerUnitLengthResult").textContent = "Weight per Meter/Foot: –";
// Clear table
var tableElements = document.querySelectorAll("#calculator-section table tbody td");
for (var i = 0; i < tableElements.length; i++) {
tableElements[i].textContent = "–";
}
// Clear chart
var ctx = getElement('weightChart').getContext('2d');
if (window.myWeightChart) {
window.myWeightChart.destroy();
window.myWeightChart = null; // Ensure it's truly reset
}
// Optionally redraw with default empty state or placeholder
updateChart(0,0,'metric'); // Call with default values
// Trigger calculation with reset values if desired
calculateWeight();
}
// Initial calculation on load to populate chart and table with defaults
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
resetCalculator(); // Set default values and calculate once
// Ensure chart has initial data even if results are '–'
updateChart(0, 0, getElement("units").value);
});
// Dynamically load Chart.js if not present
if (typeof Chart === 'undefined') {
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.src = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js@3.7.0/dist/chart.min.js'; // Use a specific, older version for var compatibility
script.onload = function() {
// Re-run reset and calculate after chart library is loaded
resetCalculator();
calculateWeight();
};
document.head.appendChild(script);
} else {
// Chart.js already loaded, proceed with initialization
resetCalculator();
calculateWeight();
}