How to Calculate Flow Rate Medication

IV Flow Rate & Infusion Calculator

Calculate mL/hr and Drops Per Minute (gtt/min) for IV Therapy

Hours Minutes
10 gtt/mL (Macro) 15 gtt/mL (Macro) 20 gtt/mL (Macro) 60 gtt/mL (Micro)

Infusion Rate

mL per hour

Drip Rate

Drops per minute (gtt/min)

Understanding Medication Flow Rate Calculations

In clinical nursing and medical practice, calculating the correct IV flow rate is critical for patient safety. Whether you are using an infusion pump or setting a manual gravity drip, these formulas ensure the patient receives the prescribed dose of medication over the correct period.

1. How to Calculate mL/hr

This calculation is primarily used when setting an electronic infusion pump. The pump requires a rate in milliliters per hour.

Formula: Total Volume (mL) ÷ Total Time (hours) = mL/hr

2. How to Calculate Drip Rate (gtt/min)

The drip rate is used for manual IV administration where you count the number of drops falling in the drip chamber per minute. You must know the "Drop Factor" of the IV tubing set (found on the packaging).

Formula: [Total Volume (mL) × Drop Factor (gtt/mL)] ÷ Total Time (minutes) = gtt/min

Realistic Practice Example

Scenario: A doctor orders 1,000 mL of Normal Saline to be infused over 8 hours. You are using a macro-drip set with a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL.

  • Infusion Rate: 1,000 mL ÷ 8 hours = 125 mL/hr
  • Drip Rate: (1,000 mL × 15 gtt/mL) ÷ (8 hours × 60 minutes) = 31.25 (31) gtt/min

Standard Drop Factors

Tubing Type Standard Drop Factor
Macro-drip 10, 15, or 20 gtt/mL
Micro-drip (Pediatric) 60 gtt/mL
function calculateIVFlow() { var volume = parseFloat(document.getElementById('totalVolume').value); var timeVal = parseFloat(document.getElementById('timeDuration').value); var unit = document.getElementById('timeUnit').value; var dropFactor = parseFloat(document.getElementById('dropFactor').value); // Validation if (isNaN(volume) || volume <= 0 || isNaN(timeVal) || timeVal <= 0) { alert("Please enter valid positive numbers for Volume and Time."); return; } var timeInHours, timeInMinutes; // Convert time to standard units if (unit === 'hours') { timeInHours = timeVal; timeInMinutes = timeVal * 60; } else { timeInHours = timeVal / 60; timeInMinutes = timeVal; } // mL/hr Calculation var mlPerHour = volume / timeInHours; // gtt/min Calculation var gttPerMin = (volume * dropFactor) / timeInMinutes; // Display Results document.getElementById('mlPerHourResult').innerText = mlPerHour.toFixed(1); document.getElementById('gttPerMinResult').innerText = Math.round(gttPerMin); document.getElementById('resultsArea').style.display = 'block'; }

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