How to Calculate Loan Interest Rate Formula

Mortgage Payment Calculator
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Mortgage Calculator

Estimated Monthly Payment
$0.00
Principal & Interest: $0.00
Property Tax: $0.00
Home Insurance: $0.00
HOA Fees: $0.00

Total Loan Amount: $0.00
Total Interest Paid: $0.00
Total Cost of Loan: $0.00

Understanding Your Mortgage Payment

When planning to purchase a home, understanding the components of your monthly mortgage payment is crucial for maintaining a healthy budget. This calculator provides a comprehensive breakdown of what you can expect to pay each month, going beyond just the principal and interest to include critical factors like taxes and insurance.

Key Components of a Mortgage

  • Principal: The portion of your payment that goes toward paying down the original amount you borrowed.
  • Interest: The fee charged by the lender for borrowing the money. In the early years of a fixed-rate mortgage, a larger portion of your payment goes toward interest.
  • Escrow (Taxes & Insurance): Most lenders require you to pay a portion of your annual property taxes and homeowners insurance each month. These funds are held in an escrow account and paid on your behalf when due.
  • HOA Fees: If you are buying a condo or a home in a planned community, you may have monthly Homeowners Association fees. While usually paid directly to the association, they affect your total monthly housing cost.

How Interest Rates Affect Your Payment

Even a small difference in interest rates can have a significant impact on your monthly payment and the total cost of the loan over time. For example, on a $300,000 loan, a 1% increase in interest rate can increase your monthly payment by hundreds of dollars and your total interest paid by tens of thousands over a 30-year term. Use the input field above to test different scenarios and see how refinancing or shopping for a better rate could save you money.

Fixed vs. Adjustable Rate Mortgages

The calculations above assume a fixed-rate mortgage, where the interest rate remains constant for the life of the loan. Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) may start with a lower rate that changes after a set period (e.g., 5 or 7 years), potentially increasing your monthly payment in the future.

function calculateMortgage() { // Get Input Values var homePrice = parseFloat(document.getElementById("homePrice").value); var downPayment = parseFloat(document.getElementById("downPayment").value); var interestRate = parseFloat(document.getElementById("interestRate").value); var loanTerm = parseFloat(document.getElementById("loanTerm").value); var propertyTax = parseFloat(document.getElementById("propertyTax").value); var homeInsurance = parseFloat(document.getElementById("homeInsurance").value); var hoaFees = parseFloat(document.getElementById("hoaFees").value); // Validation if (isNaN(homePrice) || isNaN(downPayment) || isNaN(interestRate) || isNaN(loanTerm)) { alert("Please enter valid numbers for Home Price, Down Payment, Interest Rate, and Loan Term."); return; } // Set defaults for optional fields if empty/NaN if (isNaN(propertyTax)) propertyTax = 0; if (isNaN(homeInsurance)) homeInsurance = 0; if (isNaN(hoaFees)) hoaFees = 0; // Core Calculations var principal = homePrice – downPayment; var monthlyInterestRate = interestRate / 100 / 12; var numberOfPayments = loanTerm * 12; // Prevent negative principal if (principal < 0) { alert("Down payment cannot be greater than home price."); return; } // Calculate Monthly P&I var monthlyPrincipalAndInterest = 0; if (interestRate === 0) { monthlyPrincipalAndInterest = principal / numberOfPayments; } else { monthlyPrincipalAndInterest = principal * (monthlyInterestRate * Math.pow(1 + monthlyInterestRate, numberOfPayments)) / (Math.pow(1 + monthlyInterestRate, numberOfPayments) – 1); } // Calculate Other Monthly Costs var monthlyTax = propertyTax / 12; var monthlyInsurance = homeInsurance / 12; var totalMonthlyPayment = monthlyPrincipalAndInterest + monthlyTax + monthlyInsurance + hoaFees; // Calculate Totals var totalRepayment = (monthlyPrincipalAndInterest * numberOfPayments); var totalInterest = totalRepayment – principal; // Display Results document.getElementById("resultsSection").style.display = "block"; document.getElementById("totalMonthlyPayment").innerHTML = formatCurrency(totalMonthlyPayment); document.getElementById("piBreakdown").innerHTML = formatCurrency(monthlyPrincipalAndInterest); document.getElementById("taxBreakdown").innerHTML = formatCurrency(monthlyTax); document.getElementById("insBreakdown").innerHTML = formatCurrency(monthlyInsurance); document.getElementById("hoaBreakdown").innerHTML = formatCurrency(hoaFees); document.getElementById("loanAmountResult").innerHTML = formatCurrency(principal); document.getElementById("totalInterestResult").innerHTML = formatCurrency(totalInterest); document.getElementById("totalCostResult").innerHTML = formatCurrency(totalRepayment + (monthlyTax * numberOfPayments) + (monthlyInsurance * numberOfPayments) + (hoaFees * numberOfPayments)); } function formatCurrency(num) { return "$" + num.toFixed(2).replace(/\d(?=(\d{3})+\.)/g, '$&,'); }

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