This calculator helps estimate the Less Than Truckload (LTL) freight class based on the characteristics of your shipment. Accurately determining freight class is crucial for accurate shipping quotes and avoiding potential surcharges.
None
Moderate (requires special handling)
High (fragile, hazardous, or unusual)
Wide Range (e.g., mixed goods)
Moderate Range
Narrow Range (e.g., uniform goods)
Low (low risk of damage/theft)
Moderate
High (high risk of damage/theft)
Understanding LTL Freight Class
Freight classification is a standardized system used by Less Than Truckload (LTL) carriers to categorize shipments based on four main factors: Density, Handling, Stowability, and Liability. This classification determines the shipping rate. The NMFC (National Motor Freight Classification) provides a detailed list of freight classes, ranging from 50 to 400 (and sometimes higher for specialty items).
The Calculation Factors:
Density (lbs/cu ft): This is the most significant factor. It's calculated by dividing the total weight of the shipment by its total cubic feet. Higher density generally leads to a lower class.
Density = Total Weight (lbs) / Total Volume (cu ft)
Handling: This factor accounts for any special handling requirements. Items that are fragile, hazardous, require temperature control, or need special equipment for loading/unloading will have a higher handling factor.
Stowability: This refers to how easily the freight can be loaded and stowed with other shipments in a truck trailer. Items that are awkward, oversized, or prone to shifting may have a higher stowability factor.
Liability: This considers the risk of damage or theft. High-value items, or those susceptible to damage, will have a higher liability factor.
How the Calculator Works:
Our calculator uses a simplified algorithm to estimate a potential freight class. It combines the input factors by multiplying them together with the density. While actual freight classification can be complex and may involve referring to the official NMFC guidelines, this tool provides a good starting point. The resulting number is then mapped to the closest standard NMFC freight class.
Formula (Simplified): Estimated Base Value = Density * Handling Factor * Stowability Factor * Range Factor * (Value Per Pound / 100) * Liability Factor
The calculator then uses this `Estimated Base Value` to determine a corresponding class. For example:
Class 50: Very dense, easy to handle, stow, and low liability.
Class 150: Moderate density and characteristics.
Class 300: Low density, difficult handling, stowability, or high liability.
Note: This is an estimation tool. Always verify your freight class with your chosen LTL carrier and consult the official NMFC tariff for definitive classification. Incorrect classification can lead to costly adjustments and delays.
function calculateLtlClass() {
var densityPerCubicFoot = parseFloat(document.getElementById("densityPerCubicFoot").value);
var handlingFactor = parseFloat(document.getElementById("handlingFactor").value);
var stowabilityFactor = parseFloat(document.getElementById("stowabilityFactor").value);
var rangeFactor = parseFloat(document.getElementById("rangeFactor").value);
var valuePerPound = parseFloat(document.getElementById("valuePerPound").value);
var liabilityFactor = parseFloat(document.getElementById("liabilityFactor").value);
var resultDiv = document.getElementById("result");
// Input validation
if (isNaN(densityPerCubicFoot) || densityPerCubicFoot <= 0 ||
isNaN(handlingFactor) || handlingFactor <= 0 ||
isNaN(stowabilityFactor) || stowabilityFactor <= 0 ||
isNaN(rangeFactor) || rangeFactor <= 0 ||
isNaN(valuePerPound) || valuePerPound < 0 ||
isNaN(liabilityFactor) || liabilityFactor <= 0) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Please enter valid positive numbers for all fields.";
return;
}
// Simplified calculation to get a base value for class determination
// The official NMFC uses complex tables and sub-factors. This provides an approximation.
var estimatedBaseValue = densityPerCubicFoot * handlingFactor * stowabilityFactor * rangeFactor * (valuePerPound / 100) * liabilityFactor;
var freightClass;
// Approximating NMFC classes based on the calculated value.
// These ranges are illustrative and may not precisely match NMFC for all scenarios.
if (estimatedBaseValue < 1.0) {
freightClass = 50;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 3.0) {
freightClass = 70;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 5.0) {
freightClass = 90;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 7.0) {
freightClass = 100;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 9.0) {
freightClass = 125;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 11.0) {
freightClass = 150;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 13.0) {
freightClass = 175;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 15.0) {
freightClass = 200;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 17.0) {
freightClass = 250;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 19.0) {
freightClass = 300;
} else if (estimatedBaseValue < 21.0) {
freightClass = 350;
} else {
freightClass = 400; // Highest standard class often considered
}
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Estimated LTL Freight Class: " + freightClass + "";
}