Pond Water Evaporation Rate Calculator

Pond Water Evaporation Calculator

Estimate daily water loss based on local climate conditions

Estimated Water Loss

Inches Per Day 0.00
Gallons Per Day 0.00

*Results are estimates. Actual rates vary based on sun exposure, waterfall splash, and water temperature.

Is Your Pond Leaking or Just Evaporating?

Seeing your pond water level drop can be alarming. While a leak is possible, evaporation is often the primary culprit, especially during hot, dry, or windy weather. This calculator uses empirical climate formulas to estimate how many gallons your pond might lose naturally to the atmosphere.

Primary Factors Driving Pond Evaporation

  • Temperature: Warmer air holds more moisture, increasing the rate at which water molecules escape the surface.
  • Humidity: In dry air (low humidity), evaporation happens much faster because the air has a higher capacity to "soak up" water vapor.
  • Wind Speed: Wind carries away the saturated air directly above the water surface, replacing it with drier air and accelerating the drying process.
  • Surface Area: A large, shallow pond will lose more total volume than a small, deep pond due to more water-to-air contact.

Example Scenario

If you have a 1,000 sq. ft. pond in a climate with 90°F heat, 30% humidity, and a light breeze of 5 mph, you could lose approximately 0.32 inches of water per day. That translates to roughly 200 gallons of water lost every single day just to the air!

The "Bucket Test" Strategy

To confirm if you have a leak, fill a bucket with pond water and set it on a shelf in the pond (keeping the water levels the same). Mark the water level inside the bucket and in the pond. After 24 hours, if the pond level dropped significantly more than the bucket level, you likely have a leak. If they dropped the same amount, it's just evaporation.

function calculateEvaporation() { var area = parseFloat(document.getElementById('pondArea').value); var tempF = parseFloat(document.getElementById('airTemp').value); var humidity = parseFloat(document.getElementById('humidity').value); var wind = parseFloat(document.getElementById('windSpeed').value); if (isNaN(area) || isNaN(tempF) || isNaN(humidity) || isNaN(wind)) { alert("Please enter valid numbers for all fields."); return; } // Convert F to C var tempC = (tempF – 32) * (5/9); // Saturation Vapor Pressure (Es) in kPa using Magnus-Tetens approximation var es = 0.61078 * Math.exp((17.27 * tempC) / (tempC + 237.3)); // Actual Vapor Pressure (Ea) var ea = es * (humidity / 100); // Simplified Penman-style evaporation formula (mm/day) // E = (0.5 + 0.05 * wind_speed_mph) * (es – ea) * conversion_factors // Using a refined empirical coefficient for small water bodies var windFactor = 0.35 + (0.24 * (wind * 0.44704)); // wind converted to m/s var evapMmDay = (es – ea) * windFactor * 1.5; // coefficient adjustment for shallow ponds // Ensure we don't get negative evaporation in strange humidity inputs if (evapMmDay < 0) evapMmDay = 0; // Convert mm to inches (1 inch = 25.4 mm) var inchesPerDay = evapMmDay / 25.4; // Gallons Calculation: (Area sq ft * Depth in ft) * 7.48 // Depth in ft = inchesPerDay / 12 var gallonsPerDay = (area * (inchesPerDay / 12)) * 7.48052; // UI Updates document.getElementById('lossInches').innerText = inchesPerDay.toFixed(3); document.getElementById('lossGallons').innerText = gallonsPerDay.toLocaleString(undefined, {minimumFractionDigits: 1, maximumFractionDigits: 1}); document.getElementById('resultsArea').style.display = 'block'; // Smooth scroll to results document.getElementById('resultsArea').scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' }); }

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