Single
Married Filing Jointly
Married Filing Separately
Head of Household
— Select State —
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Estimated Total Tax Liability
$0.00
$0.00 Federal Tax
$0.00 State Tax
Understanding Your Tax Liability
Calculating your tax liability involves understanding both federal and state tax systems. This calculator provides an *estimate* based on simplified tax bracket information and common assumptions. It is crucial to consult a qualified tax professional or refer to official IRS and state tax agency resources for precise calculations and to account for all deductions, credits, and specific tax laws applicable to your situation.
Federal Income Tax Calculation
The U.S. federal income tax system is progressive, meaning higher income levels are taxed at higher rates. This calculator uses simplified federal tax brackets. The actual calculation involves determining your taxable income after deductions and credits, and then applying the appropriate marginal tax rates.
Taxable Income: Your gross income minus deductions (like standard or itemized deductions).
Tax Brackets: Income is divided into segments, each taxed at a specific rate. For example, income within the first bracket is taxed at the lowest rate, the next portion of income falls into the second bracket and is taxed at a higher rate, and so on.
Marginal Tax Rate: The tax rate applied to your last dollar of income.
Effective Tax Rate: The total tax paid divided by your total taxable income.
Simplified Federal Brackets (for illustrative purposes, based on 2023 tax year, single filer – actual rates vary by filing status and tax year):
10% on income up to $11,000
12% on income between $11,001 and $44,725
22% on income between $44,726 and $95,375
24% on income between $95,376 and $182,100
32% on income between $182,101 and $231,250
35% on income between $231,251 and $578,125
37% on income over $578,125
Note: These brackets change annually and differ for Married Filing Jointly, Married Filing Separately, and Head of Household.
State Income Tax Calculation
State income tax systems vary significantly:
Progressive Tax States: Similar to the federal system, these states have multiple tax brackets with increasing rates as income rises.
Flat Tax States: A single tax rate is applied to all taxable income, regardless of income level.
No Income Tax States: Some states do not levy a state income tax (e.g., Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, Wyoming).
Local Taxes: Some cities or counties also impose their own income taxes.
This calculator includes a basic selection of states and will apply a simplified, representative tax rate or bracket system where applicable. For accuracy, always check your specific state's Department of Revenue website.
Use Cases for This Calculator
This tool is useful for:
Quick Estimates: Getting a general idea of your tax burden.
Financial Planning: Budgeting for taxes throughout the year.
Scenario Testing: Understanding how changes in income or filing status might affect your taxes.
Educational Purposes: Learning the basic structure of income tax calculations.
Disclaimer: This calculator is for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and subject to change. Consult with a qualified tax professional for personalized advice.
function calculateTaxes() {
var income = parseFloat(document.getElementById("income").value);
var filingStatus = document.getElementById("filingStatus").value;
var selectedState = document.getElementById("state").value;
var stateTaxableIncomeInput = document.getElementById("stateTaxableIncome").value;
var federalTax = 0;
var stateTax = 0;
var totalTax = 0;
// — Federal Tax Calculation (Simplified – based on 2023 tax brackets for Single Filer) —
var federalTaxableIncome = income; // For simplicity, assuming no deductions/credits. In reality, this would be reduced.
// Federal Brackets (Illustrative – adjust based on filing status and actual tax year)
var federalRates = {
single: [
{ limit: 11000, rate: 0.10 },
{ limit: 44725, rate: 0.12 },
{ limit: 95375, rate: 0.22 },
{ limit: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ limit: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ limit: 578125, rate: 0.35 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
married_filing_jointly: [
{ limit: 22000, rate: 0.10 },
{ limit: 89450, rate: 0.12 },
{ limit: 190750, rate: 0.22 },
{ limit: 364200, rate: 0.24 },
{ limit: 462500, rate: 0.32 },
{ limit: 693750, rate: 0.35 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
married_filing_separately: [
{ limit: 11000, rate: 0.10 },
{ limit: 44725, rate: 0.12 },
{ limit: 95375, rate: 0.22 },
{ limit: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ limit: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ limit: 346900, rate: 0.35 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
],
head_of_household: [
{ limit: 15700, rate: 0.10 },
{ limit: 59850, rate: 0.12 },
{ limit: 95350, rate: 0.22 },
{ limit: 182100, rate: 0.24 },
{ limit: 231250, rate: 0.32 },
{ limit: 578125, rate: 0.35 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.37 }
]
};
var currentFilingStatusRates = federalRates[filingStatus] || federalRates['single']; // Default to single if status not found
var taxableIncome = federalTaxableIncome;
var previousLimit = 0;
for (var i = 0; i previousLimit) {
var incomeInBracket = Math.min(taxableIncome, bracketLimit) – previousLimit;
federalTax += incomeInBracket * rate;
} else {
break; // Income does not reach this bracket
}
previousLimit = bracketLimit;
}
// — State Tax Calculation (Simplified – examples for a few states) —
var stateIncome = stateTaxableIncomeInput ? parseFloat(stateTaxableIncomeInput) : income;
// Validate stateIncome
if (isNaN(stateIncome) || stateIncome < 0) {
stateIncome = 0; // Reset to 0 if invalid
}
if (selectedState === "AL") { // Alabama – Example progressive
var alabamaRates = [
{ limit: 500, rate: 0.02 },
{ limit: 1000, rate: 0.04 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.05 }
];
var prevLimit = 0;
for(var j=0; j 0) {
stateTax += incomeInBracket * bracket.rate;
}
prevLimit = bracket.limit;
if (stateIncome <= bracket.limit) break;
}
} else if (selectedState === "CA") { // California – Example progressive
var californiaRates = [
{ limit: 9220, rate: 0.01 },
{ limit: 21774, rate: 0.02 },
{ limit: 34330, rate: 0.04 },
{ limit: 46885, rate: 0.06 },
{ limit: 59443, rate: 0.08 },
{ limit: 357433, rate: 0.093 },
{ limit: 418864, rate: 0.103 },
{ limit: 628296, rate: 0.113 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.123 }
];
var prevLimit = 0;
for(var j=0; j 0) {
stateTax += incomeInBracket * bracket.rate;
}
prevLimit = bracket.limit;
if (stateIncome <= bracket.limit) break;
}
} else if (selectedState === "NY") { // New York – Example progressive
var newYorkRates = [
{ limit: 8500, rate: 0.04 },
{ limit: 11700, rate: 0.045 },
{ limit: 13800, rate: 0.055 },
{ limit: 21050, rate: 0.0625 },
{ limit: 41700, rate: 0.0675 },
{ limit: 100000, rate: 0.0715 },
{ limit: 200000, rate: 0.0795 },
{ limit: 500000, rate: 0.0882 },
{ limit: Infinity, rate: 0.103 }
];
var prevLimit = 0;
for(var j=0; j 0) {
stateTax += incomeInBracket * bracket.rate;
}
prevLimit = bracket.limit;
if (stateIncome <= bracket.limit) break;
}
} else if (selectedState === "TX" || selectedState === "AK" || selectedState === "FL" || selectedState === "NV" || selectedState === "SD" || selectedState === "WA" || selectedState === "WY") { // No State Income Tax
stateTax = 0;
} else if (selectedState === "IL") { // Illinois – Example flat tax
stateTax = stateIncome * 0.0495; // Flat rate example
} else if (selectedState === "PA") { // Pennsylvania – Example flat tax
stateTax = stateIncome * 0.0307; // Flat rate example
}
// Add more states and their specific tax logic here…
// For states not explicitly listed, assume $0 tax for this simplified calculator.
// — Final Calculation and Display —
if (isNaN(income) || income < 0) {
document.getElementById("result").textContent = "Invalid Income";
document.getElementById("federalTaxResult").textContent = "$0.00 Federal Tax";
document.getElementById("stateTaxResult").textContent = "$0.00 State Tax";
return;
}
totalTax = federalTax + stateTax;
document.getElementById("result").textContent = "$" + totalTax.toFixed(2);
document.getElementById("federalTaxResult").textContent = "$" + federalTax.toFixed(2) + " Federal Tax";
document.getElementById("stateTaxResult").textContent = "$" + stateTax.toFixed(2) + " State Tax";
}