.calculator-container-wrapper {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
color: #333;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.roi-calculator-box {
background: #f9f9f9;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 25px;
margin-bottom: 40px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}
.calc-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 20px;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.calc-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.input-group label {
display: block;
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 5px;
font-size: 0.9em;
color: #444;
}
.input-group input {
width: 100%;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.input-group input:focus {
border-color: #0073aa;
outline: none;
}
.calc-btn-container {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 10px;
}
.calc-btn {
background-color: #2271b1;
color: white;
border: none;
padding: 12px 30px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: bold;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.calc-btn:hover {
background-color: #135e96;
}
.results-box {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
background: #fff;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 20px;
margin-top: 20px;
display: none;
}
.results-box.active {
display: block;
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 8px 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}
.result-row:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.result-label {
color: #666;
}
.result-value {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
.highlight-result {
color: #2271b1;
font-size: 1.3em;
}
.seo-content {
margin-top: 40px;
}
.seo-content h2 {
font-size: 24px;
color: #2c3338;
margin-bottom: 15px;
border-bottom: 2px solid #2271b1;
padding-bottom: 10px;
display: inline-block;
}
.seo-content h3 {
font-size: 20px;
color: #444;
margin-top: 25px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.seo-content p {
margin-bottom: 15px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.seo-content ul {
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding-left: 20px;
}
.seo-content li {
margin-bottom: 8px;
}
function calculateRentalROI() {
// 1. Get Inputs
var price = parseFloat(document.getElementById('purchasePrice').value);
var down = parseFloat(document.getElementById('downPayment').value);
var closing = parseFloat(document.getElementById('closingCosts').value);
var rent = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyRent').value);
var otherInc = parseFloat(document.getElementById('otherIncome').value);
var expenses = parseFloat(document.getElementById('monthlyExp').value);
var rate = parseFloat(document.getElementById('interestRate').value);
var term = parseFloat(document.getElementById('loanTerm').value);
// Validation to prevent NaN errors
if (isNaN(price)) price = 0;
if (isNaN(down)) down = 0;
if (isNaN(closing)) closing = 0;
if (isNaN(rent)) rent = 0;
if (isNaN(otherInc)) otherInc = 0;
if (isNaN(expenses)) expenses = 0;
if (isNaN(rate)) rate = 0;
if (isNaN(term)) term = 0;
// 2. Calculate Mortgage Payment (P&I)
var loanAmount = price – down;
var monthlyRate = (rate / 100) / 12;
var numPayments = term * 12;
var mortgagePayment = 0;
if (loanAmount > 0 && rate > 0 && term > 0) {
// Standard Amortization Formula: M = P [ i(1 + i)^n ] / [ (1 + i)^n – 1 ]
mortgagePayment = loanAmount * (monthlyRate * Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, numPayments)) / (Math.pow(1 + monthlyRate, numPayments) – 1);
} else if (loanAmount > 0 && rate === 0) {
mortgagePayment = loanAmount / numPayments;
}
// 3. Calculate NOI and Cash Flow
var totalMonthlyIncome = rent + otherInc;
var monthlyNOI = totalMonthlyIncome – expenses;
var monthlyCashFlow = monthlyNOI – mortgagePayment;
var annualCashFlow = monthlyCashFlow * 12;
var annualNOI = monthlyNOI * 12;
// 4. Calculate Cash on Cash Return
var totalInvested = down + closing;
var cocReturn = 0;
if (totalInvested > 0) {
cocReturn = (annualCashFlow / totalInvested) * 100;
}
// 5. Update UI
// Helper for currency formatting
var fmt = new Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', { style: 'currency', currency: 'USD' });
document.getElementById('resMortgage').innerHTML = fmt.format(mortgagePayment);
document.getElementById('resCashFlow').innerHTML = fmt.format(monthlyCashFlow);
document.getElementById('resNOI').innerHTML = fmt.format(annualNOI);
document.getElementById('resInvested').innerHTML = fmt.format(totalInvested);
// Color coding for negative flow
var flowEl = document.getElementById('resCashFlow');
if (monthlyCashFlow < 0) {
flowEl.style.color = "#d63638";
} else {
flowEl.style.color = "#2271b1";
}
var cocEl = document.getElementById('resCoC');
cocEl.innerHTML = cocReturn.toFixed(2) + "%";
if (cocReturn < 0) {
cocEl.style.color = "#d63638";
} else {
cocEl.style.color = "#2271b1";
}
// Show results area
document.getElementById('resultsArea').classList.add('active');
}
Rental Property Cash on Cash Return Calculator
(Taxes, Ins, HOA, Repairs, Vacancy)
Monthly Mortgage Payment (P&I):
$0.00
Total Monthly Cash Flow:
$0.00
Annual Net Operating Income (NOI):
$0.00
Total Cash Invested:
$0.00
Cash on Cash Return:
0.00%
Understanding Real Estate Investment Metrics
Investing in rental properties is a proven strategy for building long-term wealth, but success depends heavily on the numbers. Unlike purchasing a primary residence, a rental property is a business, and its viability is measured by specific financial metrics. This Rental Property Cash on Cash Return Calculator is designed to help investors quickly analyze the profitability of a potential deal.
What is Cash on Cash Return?
Cash on Cash (CoC) Return is arguably the most important metric for real estate investors. It measures the annual return on the actual cash you invested, rather than the total purchase price of the property. This distinction is vital because most real estate deals involve leverage (mortgages).
The formula is: Annual Pre-Tax Cash Flow / Total Cash Invested.
- Cash Flow: The net income remaining after all operating expenses and mortgage payments have been made.
- Total Cash Invested: This includes your down payment, closing costs, and any immediate renovation or rehab costs.
For example, if you invest $50,000 to buy a property and it generates $5,000 in positive cash flow per year, your Cash on Cash return is 10%. This allows you to compare real estate returns directly against other investment vehicles like stocks or bonds.
Net Operating Income (NOI) vs. Cash Flow
It is crucial to distinguish between Net Operating Income (NOI) and Cash Flow, as they serve different purposes:
- NOI (Net Operating Income): This is the total revenue (Rent + Other Income) minus all necessary operating expenses (Taxes, Insurance, Repairs, Management, etc.). Crucially, NOI does not include mortgage payments. It represents the profitability of the property itself, regardless of financing.
- Cash Flow: This is what ends up in your pocket. It is calculated by taking the NOI and subtracting the debt service (your monthly mortgage principal and interest payments).
How to Interpret the Results
While every investor has different goals, here are some general benchmarks for rental property performance:
- 8-12% CoC Return: Generally considered a solid return for most buy-and-hold residential investments.
- 15%+ CoC Return: Often achievable in lower-cost markets or properties requiring significant "sweat equity" (rehab work).
- Negative Cash Flow: This means the property costs you money to hold every month. Unless you are banking on massive appreciation (a risky strategy), investors typically avoid negative cash flow deals.
Use the calculator above to adjust variables like the Down Payment or Monthly Rent to see how slight changes can significantly impact your Return on Investment (ROI).