Understand the true value of your money over time.
Inflation Adjustment Calculator
Enter the principal amount you want to adjust.
Enter the average annual inflation rate (e.g., 3% for 3).
Enter the number of years to project.
Your Inflation Adjustment Results
$0.00
Inflation's Impact
$0.00
Purchasing Power Loss
$0.00
Equivalent Value Today
$0.00
Future Value = Initial Amount * (1 + Inflation Rate)^Years
Purchasing Power Loss = Initial Amount – Equivalent Value Today
Equivalent Value Today = Future Value / (1 + Inflation Rate)^Years
Inflation Impact Over Time
Yearly Inflation Breakdown
Projected value and purchasing power over the years
Year
Starting Value
Ending Value (Nominal)
Purchasing Power Loss
Real Value (Today's Terms)
What is Adjust Inflation?
The concept of adjust inflation, often referred to as adjusting for inflation or calculating inflation-adjusted value, is fundamental to understanding the true worth of money over time. Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and subsequently, purchasing power is falling. Our adjust inflation calculator is designed to help you quantify this effect, projecting how the value of a specific sum of money will change in the future due to anticipated inflation, or conversely, calculating what a future sum is worth in today's terms. Understanding this is crucial for accurate financial planning, investment analysis, and salary negotiations.
Who should use an adjust inflation calculator? Anyone looking to make informed financial decisions. This includes:
Investors assessing the real return on their investments.
Individuals planning for long-term financial goals like retirement or education funding.
Businesses evaluating future project costs or revenue streams.
Employees negotiating salary increases to maintain or improve their real income.
Anyone curious about how the value of their savings erodes or grows in real terms.
Common misconceptions about inflation adjustment include believing that a fixed nominal amount will always maintain its value, or that inflation only affects long-term savings. In reality, inflation impacts purchasing power on an ongoing basis, and even seemingly small annual rates can significantly alter the value of money over decades. The power of compounding, both for inflation and for investment growth, is often underestimated. This adjust inflation tool aims to demystify these concepts.
Adjust Inflation Formula and Mathematical Explanation
The core of understanding adjust inflation lies in its mathematical representation. The most common formula calculates the future value of a present sum, accounting for a consistent annual inflation rate.
Future Value Calculation
The formula to calculate the future value (FV) of an initial amount (PV) after a certain number of years (n) at a constant annual inflation rate (r) is:
FV = PV * (1 + r)^n
Where:
FV is the Future Value (the amount of money in the future, including inflation).
PV is the Present Value (the initial amount of money).
r is the annual inflation rate (expressed as a decimal, e.g., 3% is 0.03).
n is the number of years.
Purchasing Power and Equivalent Value
Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money. The "Real Value" or "Equivalent Value Today" (EVT) tells you what a future amount of money would be worth in today's purchasing power terms.
EVT = FV / (1 + r)^n
Or substituting the FV formula:
EVT = [ PV * (1 + r)^n ] / (1 + r)^n = PV
This might seem counterintuitive, but it means that the initial amount PV, if it grew exactly at the rate of inflation, would still have the same purchasing power as it did initially. The real insight comes when comparing a sum that *didn't* grow at the inflation rate. A more practical way to think about the loss of purchasing power for the original PV is:
Purchasing Power Loss = PV – EVT_of_Future_Nominal_Amount
Where EVT_of_Future_Nominal_Amount is the value today of a *specific future nominal amount* that is NOT PV. For this calculator, we focus on the inflation's impact on the *initial* amount, showing how much purchasing power that initial amount loses over time.
If you have a specific amount in the future (FV) and want to know its equivalent value today (EVT), the formula is:
EVT = FV / (1 + r)^n
And the loss in purchasing power for that specific future amount (FV) compared to its present value equivalent is:
Purchasing Power Loss = FV – EVT
Our calculator uses the first set of formulas to show how the *initial amount* itself is affected by inflation over time.
Variable Breakdown Table
Variables Used in Inflation Calculation
Variable Name
Meaning
Unit
Typical Range
Initial Amount (PV)
The principal sum of money at the start of the period.
Currency (e.g., USD, EUR)
$1.00+
Annual Inflation Rate (r)
The percentage increase in the general price level of goods and services per year.
Percentage (%)
0.1% – 10%+ (historical average often around 2-3%)
Number of Years (n)
The duration over which the inflation is applied.
Years
1+
Future Value (FV)
The nominal value of the initial amount after n years, inflated.
Currency (e.g., USD, EUR)
PV or greater
Equivalent Value Today (EVT)
The purchasing power of a future amount expressed in today's currency value.
Currency (e.g., USD, EUR)
0 to PV
Purchasing Power Loss
The reduction in the amount of goods and services that can be purchased with the initial sum due to inflation.
Currency (e.g., USD, EUR)
0 to PV
Practical Examples (Real-World Use Cases)
Let's explore how the adjust inflation calculator can be applied in realistic financial scenarios. Understanding inflation's impact is key to effective financial planning.
Example 1: Retirement Savings Growth
Sarah has $100,000 saved for retirement today. She expects to retire in 25 years. She assumes an average annual inflation rate of 3% over this period. She wants to know what her $100,000 will feel like in terms of purchasing power when she retires.
Inputs:
Initial Amount: $100,000
Annual Inflation Rate: 3%
Number of Years: 25
Calculation:
Future Value = $100,000 * (1 + 0.03)^25 ≈ $209,378
Purchasing Power Loss = $100,000 – $100,000 (value of future nominal amount in today's terms) → This calculation shows the loss of power for the *initial* $100k. The initial $100k, without growth, will only buy what $100,000 / (1.03)^25 ≈ $47,759 buys today. So the loss for the initial amount is $100,000 – $47,759 = $52,241. The calculator will reflect this loss.
Interpretation: While Sarah's savings might grow nominally to over $209,000 if invested to match inflation, the critical insight for her planning is that $100,000 saved today will only have the purchasing power of approximately $47,759 in 25 years, assuming 3% annual inflation. This highlights the necessity of saving significantly more than the target nominal amount to maintain living standards. This is a vital aspect of any retirement calculator.
Example 2: Salary Negotiation
John currently earns $60,000 per year. Inflation has been running at 4% annually, and he expects it to continue. He is negotiating a new salary for next year. He wants to ensure his new salary maintains his current purchasing power.
Purchasing Power Loss = $60,000 – ($62,400 / (1.04)^1) = $60,000 – $60,000 = $2,400. This represents the loss in purchasing power if his salary remains $60,000. The calculator shows that to maintain purchasing power, he needs $62,400.
Interpretation: To simply maintain his current lifestyle, John needs his salary to increase to $62,400 next year to counteract the 4% inflation. If his employer offers only a 2% raise ($61,200), his real income will decrease. This adjust inflation calculation provides concrete data for salary negotiations, helping him ask for a raise that accounts for the true cost of living increase. A solid understanding of inflation can also impact decisions related to loan payment calculator scenarios.
How to Use This Adjust Inflation Calculator
Using our adjust inflation calculator is straightforward and designed to provide quick, actionable insights. Follow these simple steps:
Enter Initial Amount: Input the starting sum of money you wish to analyze. This could be a current savings balance, an investment amount, or a specific sum you're planning with.
Input Annual Inflation Rate: Provide the expected average annual inflation rate. You can find historical inflation data from government sources (like the Bureau of Labor Statistics in the US) or use a reasonable estimate for future projections (e.g., 2-3% is a common long-term average, though it can vary significantly). Enter the rate as a percentage (e.g., '3' for 3%).
Specify Number of Years: Enter the time horizon for your calculation – how many years into the future (or past) you want to see the inflation adjustment.
Click 'Calculate': Once all fields are filled, press the 'Calculate' button.
Interpreting the Results:
Future Value Result: This is the nominal amount your initial sum will grow to if it keeps pace with inflation. It represents the total amount needed in the future to have the same purchasing power as your initial amount *if* your initial amount grew at the inflation rate.
Inflation's Impact / Future Value: This value shows the nominal amount your initial sum becomes after accounting for inflation. For example, $100 today at 3% inflation for 10 years becomes approximately $134.39.
Purchasing Power Loss: This figure crucially shows how much *less* your initial amount can buy in the future due to inflation. If your initial amount is $100 and inflation is 3% for 10 years, the purchasing power loss is about $34.39. This is the difference between the nominal future value and the real value of the initial amount.
Equivalent Value Today: This shows what the *future nominal amount* is worth in today's purchasing power. If you project $10,000 in 10 years with 3% inflation, its equivalent value today is roughly $7,441. This helps compare future sums to present values.
Decision-Making Guidance: Use these results to understand if your savings or investments are likely to outpace inflation. If your projected investment returns are lower than the inflation rate, your real wealth is decreasing. This calculator empowers you to set more realistic financial goals, adjust savings targets, and make informed decisions about where to allocate your funds to achieve real growth. Consider using our investment return calculator to compare potential growth scenarios.
Key Factors That Affect Adjust Inflation Results
While the core calculation is based on the provided inputs, several external factors significantly influence inflation rates and, consequently, the results of any adjust inflation exercise. Understanding these nuances is vital for accurate financial forecasting.
Central Bank Monetary Policy: Actions taken by central banks, such as adjusting interest rates or engaging in quantitative easing/tightening, directly impact money supply and credit availability, which are primary drivers of inflation. Expansionary policies can lead to higher inflation, while contractionary policies aim to curb it.
Government Fiscal Policy: Government spending and taxation policies play a role. Increased government spending, especially if deficit-funded, can boost demand and potentially lead to inflation. Tax cuts can also increase disposable income and consumer spending.
Supply Chain Disruptions: Events like natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, or pandemics can disrupt the production and transportation of goods, leading to shortages and increased prices. This is known as cost-push inflation.
Commodity Prices: Fluctuations in the prices of essential commodities like oil, gas, and agricultural products have a ripple effect across the economy, influencing transportation costs and the price of many consumer goods. A sharp rise in oil prices, for instance, directly increases costs for businesses and consumers alike.
Consumer Demand: When consumer confidence is high and demand for goods and services outstrips supply, businesses can raise prices. This demand-pull inflation is a common characteristic of a growing economy but can become problematic if it accelerates too rapidly.
Wage Growth: Rising wages, if not matched by productivity increases, can lead businesses to raise prices to cover higher labor costs, potentially creating a wage-price spiral. This is why maintaining real wage growth (wages growing faster than inflation) is a key goal for many workers. This connects to our salary comparison calculator.
Global Economic Conditions: Inflation rates are often influenced by international factors, including exchange rates, global demand, and inflation in major economies. Imported inflation can significantly affect a country's price levels.
Expectations: Inflationary expectations themselves can become a self-fulfilling prophecy. If consumers and businesses expect prices to rise, they may act in ways that accelerate inflation (e.g., demanding higher wages, raising prices preemptively).
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is the difference between nominal value and real value when adjusting for inflation?
A1: Nominal value is the face value of money at a given point in time, unadjusted for inflation. Real value, on the other hand, is the purchasing power of that money adjusted for inflation, typically expressed in terms of a base year's currency. Our adjust inflation calculator helps translate nominal amounts into real values.
Q2: Can the adjust inflation calculator predict the exact future value of my money?
A2: No, the calculator provides an estimate based on the projected inflation rate you input. Actual inflation can fluctuate significantly due to various economic factors, making precise long-term prediction impossible. It's a tool for planning based on assumptions, not a crystal ball.
Q3: What is a realistic annual inflation rate to use?
A3: Historically, many developed economies have targeted inflation rates around 2%. However, recent years have seen higher rates. It's best to research current trends and historical averages for your specific region or use a conservative estimate for planning. A range of 2-4% is often used for long-term financial planning.
Q4: How does inflation affect my investments?
A4: Inflation erodes the purchasing power of your investment returns. To grow your wealth in real terms, your investment returns must consistently exceed the rate of inflation. For example, if your investment yields 5% and inflation is 3%, your real return is only 2%. Our adjust inflation calculator helps you gauge the hurdle rate for investments.
Q5: Should I use this calculator for past calculations?
A5: Yes, you can use the calculator to understand the historical value of money. By inputting a past inflation rate and the number of years that have passed, you can determine what a past sum is worth today or what today's sum was worth in the past. This is useful for understanding historical purchasing power.
Q6: Does the calculator account for taxes on gains?
A6: No, this adjust inflation calculator focuses solely on the impact of inflation. Taxes on investment gains or income are a separate consideration and would need to be factored in using a tax-specific calculator or by adjusting your expected returns.
Q7: What is hyperinflation and how does it differ from regular inflation?
A7: Hyperinflation is extremely rapid or out-of-control inflation, typically defined as prices increasing by 50% or more per month. While regular inflation gradually erodes purchasing power, hyperinflation can decimate it very quickly, making currency almost worthless. The formulas used here are less reliable under hyperinflationary conditions.
Q8: How does deflation relate to inflation?
A8: Deflation is the opposite of inflation; it's a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. While typically seen as good for consumers, persistent deflation can harm economies by discouraging spending and investment as people anticipate lower prices in the future. If you input a negative inflation rate (e.g., -1 for -1%), the calculator will show deflationary effects.
Related Tools and Internal Resources
Compound Interest CalculatorCalculate how your investments grow over time with compounding returns, essential for outpacing inflation.
Mortgage Affordability CalculatorDetermine how much house you can afford, considering loan terms, interest rates, and your budget. Inflation impacts future affordability.
Retirement CalculatorPlan for your future by estimating how much you need to save for retirement, factoring in inflation and investment growth.
Investment Return CalculatorAnalyze the potential growth of your investments and compare different scenarios to ensure real returns exceed inflation.
Loan Payment CalculatorEstimate your monthly loan payments and understand the total interest paid over the life of a loan. Inflation affects the real cost of debt.
Net Present Value (NPV) CalculatorEvaluate the profitability of potential investments by calculating the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the time value of money and inflation.
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return element;
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var inflationImpact = getElement("inflationImpactValue").innerText;
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var equivalentValueToday = getElement("equivalentValueTodayValue").innerText;
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summary += "Annual Inflation Rate: " + annualInflationRate + "%\n";
summary += "Number of Years: " + years + "\n";
summary += "——————————\n";
summary += "Future Value (Nominal): " + futureValueResult + "\n";
summary += "Inflation's Impact (Growth): " + inflationImpact + "\n";
summary += "Purchasing Power Loss: " + purchasingPowerLoss + "\n";
summary += "Equivalent Value Today: " + equivalentValueToday + "\n";
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var chartContext = null;
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var inflationRateDecimal = annualInflationRate / 100;
// Calculations
var futureValue = initialValue * Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, years);
var equivalentValueToday = futureValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, years); // This should equal initialValue if FV is calculated correctly.
// More useful: Calculate the equivalent value of the *initial amount* after N years.
var realValueTodayOfInitial = initialValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, years); // What the initial amount will buy in N years.
var purchasingPowerLoss = initialValue – realValueTodayOfInitial; // Loss in purchasing power for the initial sum.
var inflationImpact = futureValue – initialValue; // Total nominal increase due to inflation.
// Display Results
getElement("futureValueResult").innerText = formatCurrency(futureValue);
getElement("inflationImpactValue").innerText = formatCurrency(inflationImpact);
getElement("purchasingPowerLossValue").innerText = formatCurrency(purchasingPowerLoss);
getElement("equivalentValueTodayValue").innerText = formatCurrency(realValueTodayOfInitial); // Showing what initial amount buys in future terms
// Update Table
updateInflationTable(initialValue, annualInflationRate, years);
// Update Chart
updateInflationChart(initialValue, annualInflationRate, years);
}
// Function to update the table
function updateInflationTable(initialValue, annualInflationRate, years) {
var tableBody = getElement("inflationTable").getElementsByTagName('tbody')[0];
tableBody.innerHTML = ''; // Clear previous rows
var inflationRateDecimal = annualInflationRate / 100;
var currentNominalValue = initialValue;
var currentRealValue = initialValue;
for (var i = 0; i 0) {
var nominalIncrease = currentRealValue * inflationRateDecimal;
var nominalEndValue = currentRealValue * (1 + inflationRateDecimal);
var lossInPurchasingPower = currentRealValue – (currentRealValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, years – i));
currentNominalValue = initialValue * Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i); // Nominal value after i years
currentRealValue = currentNominalValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i); // Real value of initial amount after i years
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if (inflationChartInstance) {
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var labels = [];
var nominalValues = [];
var realValues = [];
var inflationRateDecimal = annualInflationRate / 100;
for (var i = 0; i <= years; i++) {
labels.push(i === 0 ? 'Start' : 'Year ' + i);
var nominal = initialValue * Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i);
var real = nominal / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i); // This calculation is effectively showing the real value of the initial sum over time
// Let's re-evaluate: we want to show nominal growth vs its real purchasing power equivalent.
// For simplicity and clarity: show initial value, nominal future value, and real value of initial sum.
nominalValues.push(nominal);
realValues.push(initialValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i)); // Real value of the initial amount
}
// Setting canvas size explicitly can help in some browsers/devices
// Adjusting chart size based on container dynamically is complex with pure JS canvas
// We'll rely on CSS for responsiveness.
inflationChartInstance = new Chart(chartContext, {
type: 'line',
data: {
labels: labels,
datasets: [{
label: 'Nominal Value (Future Amount)',
data: nominalValues,
borderColor: 'rgb(0, 74, 153)', // Primary color
backgroundColor: 'rgba(0, 74, 153, 0.1)',
fill: true,
tension: 0.1
}, {
label: 'Real Value (Initial Purchasing Power)',
data: realValues,
borderColor: 'rgb(40, 167, 69)', // Success color
backgroundColor: 'rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1)',
fill: true,
tension: 0.1
}]
},
options: {
responsive: true,
maintainAspectRatio: false, // Allow aspect ratio to be controlled by container
plugins: {
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Nominal Value vs. Real Purchasing Power Over Time',
font: {
size: 16
}
},
tooltip: {
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if (label) {
label += ': ';
}
if (context.parsed.y !== null) {
label += '$' + context.parsed.y.toFixed(2).replace(/\d(?=(\d{3})+\.)/g, '$&,');
}
return label;
}
}
}
},
scales: {
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title: {
display: true,
text: 'Year'
}
},
y: {
title: {
display: true,
text: 'Amount ($)'
},
beginAtZero: true
}
}
}
});
}
// Function to reset calculator
function resetCalculator() {
getElement("initialValue").value = "";
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getElement("purchasingPowerLossValue").innerText = "$0.00";
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chartContext.clearRect(0, 0, chartCanvas.width, chartCanvas.height);
}
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inflationChartInstance.destroy();
inflationChartInstance = null;
}
// Reset canvas size if necessary, or rely on CSS
chartCanvas.width = 1; // Reset to minimal size
chartCanvas.height = 1;
}
// Initial calculation on load if inputs are pre-filled (optional)
// calculateInflation();
// Add event listeners for real-time validation feedback
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
var inputs = document.querySelectorAll('.loan-calc-container input[type="number"]');
inputs.forEach(function(input) {
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// However, standard HTML Canvas does NOT provide a 'Chart' object. The 'Chart' object comes from Chart.js.
// This implies a contradiction in the instructions: "native " vs "Chart object".
// To satisfy "NO external libraries" AND "dynamic chart", I must implement chart drawing manually using Canvas API.
// I will re-implement the chart using pure Canvas API.
// Re-implementing chart drawing with pure Canvas API:
function drawManualChart(labels, data1, data2, canvasId, label1, label2, primaryColor, successColor) {
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var xScale = chartAreaWidth / (labels.length – 1);
var yScale = chartAreaHeight / maxValue;
// — Draw Axes —
ctx.strokeStyle = '#ccc';
ctx.lineWidth = 1;
// X-axis
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(padding, canvas.height – padding);
ctx.lineTo(canvas.width – padding, canvas.height – padding);
ctx.stroke();
// Y-axis
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(padding, padding);
ctx.lineTo(padding, canvas.height – padding);
ctx.stroke();
// — Draw Labels —
ctx.fillStyle = '#333′;
ctx.font = '12px Arial';
// X-axis labels
for (var i = 0; i < labels.length; i++) {
var x = padding + i * xScale;
ctx.textAlign = 'center';
ctx.fillText(labels[i], x, canvas.height – padding + 15);
}
// Y-axis labels (simple representation)
var numYLabels = 5;
for (var i = 0; i <= numYLabels; i++) {
var yValue = (maxValue / numYLabels) * i;
var y = canvas.height – padding – (yValue * yScale);
ctx.textAlign = 'right';
ctx.fillText(yValue.toFixed(0), padding – 5, y + 5);
}
ctx.textAlign = 'left';
ctx.fillText('$', padding – 25, canvas.height – padding + 15);
// — Draw Data Series —
// Data Series 1 (Nominal Value)
ctx.strokeStyle = primaryColor;
ctx.lineWidth = 2;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(padding, canvas.height – padding – data1[0] * yScale);
for (var i = 1; i < data1.length; i++) {
var x = padding + i * xScale;
var y = canvas.height – padding – data1[i] * yScale;
ctx.lineTo(x, y);
}
ctx.stroke();
// Fill Area 1 (Optional, can be complex) – Skipping for simplicity unless required
// Data Series 2 (Real Value)
ctx.strokeStyle = successColor;
ctx.lineWidth = 2;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(padding, canvas.height – padding – data2[0] * yScale);
for (var i = 1; i < data2.length; i++) {
var x = padding + i * xScale;
var y = canvas.height – padding – data2[i] * yScale;
ctx.lineTo(x, y);
}
ctx.stroke();
// Add Legend
ctx.font = '14px Arial';
var legendX = padding + 10;
var legendYStart = padding + 10;
// Legend item 1
ctx.fillStyle = primaryColor;
ctx.fillRect(legendX, legendYStart, 20, 10);
ctx.fillStyle = '#333';
ctx.fillText(label1, legendX + 30, legendYStart + 10);
// Legend item 2
var legendY1 = legendYStart + 25;
ctx.fillStyle = successColor;
ctx.fillRect(legendX, legendY1, 20, 10);
ctx.fillStyle = '#333';
ctx.fillText(label2, legendX + 30, legendY1 + 10);
// Add Chart Title
ctx.fillStyle = '#004a99';
ctx.font = '18px Arial';
ctx.textAlign = 'center';
ctx.fillText('Nominal Value vs. Real Purchasing Power', canvas.width / 2, padding / 2);
}
// Override updateInflationChart to use the manual drawing function
function updateInflationChart(initialValue, annualInflationRate, years) {
var canvas = getElement('inflationChart');
// Ensure canvas has a default size to draw on, responsive CSS handles the rest
canvas.width = canvas.offsetWidth || 600; // Fallback width
canvas.height = canvas.offsetHeight || 300; // Fallback height
var labels = [];
var nominalValues = [];
var realValues = [];
var inflationRateDecimal = annualInflationRate / 100;
for (var i = 0; i <= years; i++) {
labels.push(i === 0 ? 'Start' : 'Year ' + i);
var nominal = initialValue * Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i);
var real = initialValue / Math.pow(1 + inflationRateDecimal, i); // Real value of the initial amount over time
nominalValues.push(nominal);
realValues.push(real);
}
var primaryColor = 'rgb(0, 74, 153)'; // –primary-color
var successColor = 'rgb(40, 167, 69)'; // –success-color
drawManualChart(labels, nominalValues, realValues, 'inflationChart', 'Nominal Value', 'Real Value (Initial Purchasing Power)', primaryColor, successColor);
}
// Ensure initial calculation happens if inputs exist on load
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
var initialValueInput = getElement("initialValue");
var annualInflationRateInput = getElement("annualInflationRate");
var yearsInput = getElement("years");
// Check if inputs are pre-filled or have values from browser cache
if (initialValueInput.value && annualInflationRateInput.value && yearsInput.value) {
// Check if they are valid numbers before calculating
if (parseFloat(initialValueInput.value) && parseFloat(annualInflationRateInput.value) && parseInt(yearsInput.value)) {
calculateInflation();
}
}
});